銅壁畫又叫銅(tong)浮(fu)雕(又叫鏨(zan)(zan)銅(tong)或(huo)敲銅(tong)),是(shi)利用銅(tong)材料(liao)的(de)(de)延展性興(xing)起來得鏨(zan)(zan)刻(ke)(ke)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)藝,是(shi)我國傳統手工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)藝百(bai)花(hua)中(zhong)的(de)(de)一枝奇葩。之中(zhong)技術據今(jin)已有幾千年的(de)(de)歷史。 鍛銅(tong)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)藝品(pin)的(de)(de)造型(xing),主要為平(ping)面的(de)(de)片活(huo),片活(huo)是(shi)平(ping)裝在(zai)某些器物(wu)上(shang)或(huo)懸(xuan)掛(gua)起來供人(ren)欣賞。鏨(zan)(zan)刻(ke)(ke)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)藝的(de)(de)操作(zuo),是(shi)在(zai)設計好(hao)器行或(huo)圖案后(hou),按(an)照(zhao)一定的(de)(de)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)藝流程,以特制的(de)(de)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)具和特定的(de)(de)技法,在(zai)金屬(shu)板上(shang)加工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)出千變萬化(hua)的(de)(de)浮(fu)雕狀圖案。完成(cheng)一件精美的(de)(de)鏨(zan)(zan)刻(ke)(ke)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)藝品(pin)需要十多道工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)藝流程,加上(shang)技術工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)人(ren)的(de)(de)格調(diao)創造,匠心(xin)獨(du)運地打造出個性化(hua),現代化(hua)的(de)(de)雕塑作(zuo)品(pin)。
鍛銅(tong)(tong)(tong)是一種區(qu)別于鑄銅(tong)(tong)(tong)的工藝(yi),是在(zai)銅(tong)(tong)(tong)板上進(jin)行(xing)創作,利(li)用銅(tong)(tong)(tong)板加熱后質地變軟,錘打后又恢復(fu)堅硬的特(te)性,重復(fu)這一過程,最終制作出藝(yi)術作品或其它生(sheng)活、工業用品。隨著人(ren)民生(sheng)活水平和審美(mei)情趣的提(ti)升,鍛銅(tong)(tong)(tong)這一傳統(tong)工藝(yi)尤其在(zai)工藝(yi)美(mei)術領域受到越來越多設計(ji)師和大眾的喜愛。
火(huo)、錘(chui)子(zi)和鏨子(zi)是鍛(duan)(duan)銅的(de)三(san)個重要(yao)(yao)元(yuan)素。小型鍛(duan)(duan)銅工(gong)藝作(zuo)品或大型浮雕局部加(jia)(jia)工(gong)可以采取氧氣加(jia)(jia)乙(yi)炔產生的(de)高溫(wen)加(jia)(jia)熱(re),大型作(zuo)品就需要(yao)(yao)生爐火(huo)鼓風(feng)加(jia)(jia)熱(re)。加(jia)(jia)熱(re)這(zhe)一(yi)環節相對容易。加(jia)(jia)熱(re)后的(de)銅板要(yao)(yao)用(yong)皮錘(chui)敲打平(ping)整。