銅壁畫又叫(jiao)銅(tong)浮(fu)雕(diao)(又叫(jiao)鏨(zan)銅(tong)或(huo)敲銅(tong)),是(shi)利用銅(tong)材料(liao)的(de)(de)(de)(de)延展性興起(qi)來(lai)得(de)鏨(zan)刻(ke)工(gong)(gong)(gong)藝(yi),是(shi)我國傳統手工(gong)(gong)(gong)藝(yi)百花中(zhong)的(de)(de)(de)(de)一枝奇葩(pa)。之(zhi)中(zhong)技術(shu)據今已有幾千(qian)年的(de)(de)(de)(de)歷史(shi)。 鍛(duan)銅(tong)工(gong)(gong)(gong)藝(yi)品的(de)(de)(de)(de)造型,主要為(wei)平(ping)面的(de)(de)(de)(de)片活(huo),片活(huo)是(shi)平(ping)裝在某些器物(wu)上或(huo)懸(xuan)掛起(qi)來(lai)供人欣賞。鏨(zan)刻(ke)工(gong)(gong)(gong)藝(yi)的(de)(de)(de)(de)操作,是(shi)在設計好器行(xing)或(huo)圖(tu)案后,按照一定的(de)(de)(de)(de)工(gong)(gong)(gong)藝(yi)流程,以特制的(de)(de)(de)(de)工(gong)(gong)(gong)具和特定的(de)(de)(de)(de)技法,在金(jin)屬板上加(jia)(jia)工(gong)(gong)(gong)出千(qian)變萬(wan)化的(de)(de)(de)(de)浮(fu)雕(diao)狀(zhuang)圖(tu)案。完成一件精美的(de)(de)(de)(de)鏨(zan)刻(ke)工(gong)(gong)(gong)藝(yi)品需要十多道工(gong)(gong)(gong)藝(yi)流程,加(jia)(jia)上技術(shu)工(gong)(gong)(gong)人的(de)(de)(de)(de)格調(diao)創造,匠心(xin)獨運地打造出個性化,現(xian)代化的(de)(de)(de)(de)雕(diao)塑作品。
鍛(duan)銅(tong)是一(yi)種區別于鑄銅(tong)的(de)(de)工(gong)(gong)(gong)藝(yi)(yi)(yi),是在銅(tong)板(ban)上進行創作,利用銅(tong)板(ban)加熱后質地變軟,錘打(da)后又(you)恢復堅硬的(de)(de)特性,重復這一(yi)過程(cheng),最(zui)終(zhong)制(zhi)作出藝(yi)(yi)(yi)術作品(pin)或其它生活、工(gong)(gong)(gong)業用品(pin)。隨(sui)著人民生活水平和審美(mei)情趣的(de)(de)提升,鍛(duan)銅(tong)這一(yi)傳統工(gong)(gong)(gong)藝(yi)(yi)(yi)尤其在工(gong)(gong)(gong)藝(yi)(yi)(yi)美(mei)術領域受(shou)到(dao)越來越多設計師和大眾的(de)(de)喜愛。
火(huo)、錘(chui)子(zi)和鏨子(zi)是鍛(duan)銅的三(san)個(ge)重要(yao)元(yuan)素。小型(xing)(xing)鍛(duan)銅工藝作(zuo)品(pin)或大(da)型(xing)(xing)浮雕局部加(jia)(jia)工可以采取氧氣加(jia)(jia)乙炔(gui)產生的高溫加(jia)(jia)熱,大(da)型(xing)(xing)作(zuo)品(pin)就需要(yao)生爐(lu)火(huo)鼓風加(jia)(jia)熱。加(jia)(jia)熱這一環節相對(dui)容易。加(jia)(jia)熱后的銅板要(yao)用皮(pi)錘(chui)敲打平整(zheng)。