銅壁畫又(you)叫銅(tong)浮雕(又(you)叫鏨(zan)銅(tong)或敲銅(tong)),是利用銅(tong)材(cai)料的(de)(de)(de)延(yan)展性(xing)(xing)興起(qi)(qi)來得鏨(zan)刻(ke)工(gong)(gong)藝,是我(wo)國傳統(tong)手工(gong)(gong)藝百花中的(de)(de)(de)一枝奇葩(pa)。之中技術據今已有幾(ji)千年的(de)(de)(de)歷史。 鍛銅(tong)工(gong)(gong)藝品的(de)(de)(de)造型(xing),主(zhu)要(yao)為(wei)平(ping)(ping)面的(de)(de)(de)片(pian)活,片(pian)活是平(ping)(ping)裝在某些器物上或懸掛起(qi)(qi)來供人(ren)欣(xin)賞。鏨(zan)刻(ke)工(gong)(gong)藝的(de)(de)(de)操作,是在設(she)計(ji)好器行或圖案后(hou),按照一定(ding)的(de)(de)(de)工(gong)(gong)藝流程(cheng)(cheng),以(yi)特制的(de)(de)(de)工(gong)(gong)具和特定(ding)的(de)(de)(de)技法,在金(jin)屬板(ban)上加(jia)工(gong)(gong)出千變萬(wan)化的(de)(de)(de)浮雕狀圖案。完成一件精美的(de)(de)(de)鏨(zan)刻(ke)工(gong)(gong)藝品需(xu)要(yao)十多道工(gong)(gong)藝流程(cheng)(cheng),加(jia)上技術工(gong)(gong)人(ren)的(de)(de)(de)格調創(chuang)造,匠(jiang)心獨運地打造出個性(xing)(xing)化,現(xian)代化的(de)(de)(de)雕塑(su)作品。
鍛(duan)(duan)銅(tong)(tong)(tong)是一種區別(bie)于(yu)鑄(zhu)銅(tong)(tong)(tong)的(de)(de)工(gong)藝(yi),是在銅(tong)(tong)(tong)板(ban)(ban)上進行創作(zuo),利用銅(tong)(tong)(tong)板(ban)(ban)加熱后(hou)質地變軟,錘打后(hou)又恢(hui)復堅硬的(de)(de)特性,重復這一過(guo)程,最終制作(zuo)出藝(yi)術作(zuo)品(pin)或其它生活、工(gong)業用品(pin)。隨(sui)著(zhu)人民生活水平和(he)審美情趣(qu)的(de)(de)提升,鍛(duan)(duan)銅(tong)(tong)(tong)這一傳統工(gong)藝(yi)尤其在工(gong)藝(yi)美術領域(yu)受(shou)到越來越多設計師(shi)和(he)大眾的(de)(de)喜愛。
火(huo)(huo)、錘(chui)子和(he)鏨子是鍛銅(tong)(tong)的(de)三個重要(yao)元素。小型(xing)鍛銅(tong)(tong)工藝作(zuo)品(pin)或大型(xing)浮雕局部加工可以采取(qu)氧氣加乙(yi)炔產生(sheng)的(de)高溫加熱,大型(xing)作(zuo)品(pin)就需要(yao)生(sheng)爐火(huo)(huo)鼓(gu)風(feng)加熱。加熱這一環(huan)節相對容易。加熱后的(de)銅(tong)(tong)板要(yao)用皮錘(chui)敲打平整。