銅壁畫又(you)叫(jiao)銅(tong)(tong)浮雕(又(you)叫(jiao)鏨銅(tong)(tong)或(huo)敲銅(tong)(tong)),是(shi)利用(yong)銅(tong)(tong)材(cai)料的(de)延(yan)展性興起來得鏨刻工(gong)(gong)藝(yi)(yi),是(shi)我國(guo)傳統手(shou)工(gong)(gong)藝(yi)(yi)百花中的(de)一枝(zhi)奇(qi)葩。之(zhi)中技(ji)(ji)術據(ju)今已有幾千年的(de)歷史。 鍛銅(tong)(tong)工(gong)(gong)藝(yi)(yi)品的(de)造(zao)型,主(zhu)要(yao)為平面(mian)的(de)片活(huo),片活(huo)是(shi)平裝在某些器物上或(huo)懸掛起來供人(ren)欣賞(shang)。鏨刻工(gong)(gong)藝(yi)(yi)的(de)操作(zuo)(zuo),是(shi)在設計好器行或(huo)圖案后(hou),按照一定(ding)的(de)工(gong)(gong)藝(yi)(yi)流程,以特制(zhi)的(de)工(gong)(gong)具(ju)和(he)特定(ding)的(de)技(ji)(ji)法,在金屬(shu)板上加工(gong)(gong)出(chu)千變萬化的(de)浮雕狀圖案。完成一件精美的(de)鏨刻工(gong)(gong)藝(yi)(yi)品需(xu)要(yao)十(shi)多道工(gong)(gong)藝(yi)(yi)流程,加上技(ji)(ji)術工(gong)(gong)人(ren)的(de)格(ge)調創造(zao),匠心獨運地打造(zao)出(chu)個性化,現代化的(de)雕塑(su)作(zuo)(zuo)品。
鍛銅(tong)(tong)是(shi)(shi)一(yi)種(zhong)區(qu)別于鑄銅(tong)(tong)的工藝(yi),是(shi)(shi)在銅(tong)(tong)板(ban)(ban)上進(jin)行創作(zuo),利用銅(tong)(tong)板(ban)(ban)加熱(re)后質地變(bian)軟(ruan),錘打后又恢復堅硬的特(te)性,重(zhong)復這(zhe)一(yi)過程,最終制作(zuo)出藝(yi)術作(zuo)品(pin)或其它生活、工業用品(pin)。隨著人民生活水(shui)平和審美(mei)情趣的提(ti)升(sheng),鍛銅(tong)(tong)這(zhe)一(yi)傳統工藝(yi)尤其在工藝(yi)美(mei)術領域受(shou)到越來(lai)越多(duo)設(she)計師和大眾(zhong)的喜愛。
火(huo)、錘(chui)子和鏨(zan)子是鍛銅(tong)的三個重要元素。小型鍛銅(tong)工(gong)藝作品(pin)或大(da)型浮雕局部加(jia)工(gong)可以采取氧氣加(jia)乙炔產生的高溫加(jia)熱(re),大(da)型作品(pin)就(jiu)需要生爐火(huo)鼓風加(jia)熱(re)。加(jia)熱(re)這一環(huan)節(jie)相對容易(yi)。加(jia)熱(re)后(hou)的銅(tong)板要用皮錘(chui)敲打(da)平整。