銅壁畫又叫(jiao)銅(tong)浮雕(diao)(又叫(jiao)鏨銅(tong)或敲銅(tong)),是利用銅(tong)材(cai)料的(de)(de)(de)(de)延(yan)展(zhan)性興起(qi)來得(de)鏨刻(ke)工(gong)(gong)(gong)藝(yi),是我國傳統手工(gong)(gong)(gong)藝(yi)百(bai)花中的(de)(de)(de)(de)一(yi)(yi)枝奇葩。之中技術據今已(yi)有(you)幾千年的(de)(de)(de)(de)歷史(shi)。 鍛銅(tong)工(gong)(gong)(gong)藝(yi)品(pin)的(de)(de)(de)(de)造型,主(zhu)要(yao)為平面(mian)的(de)(de)(de)(de)片活(huo),片活(huo)是平裝在某些器(qi)物(wu)上或懸掛(gua)起(qi)來供人欣賞。鏨刻(ke)工(gong)(gong)(gong)藝(yi)的(de)(de)(de)(de)操(cao)作(zuo),是在設計好(hao)器(qi)行(xing)或圖(tu)案后,按照(zhao)一(yi)(yi)定的(de)(de)(de)(de)工(gong)(gong)(gong)藝(yi)流程(cheng),以特制(zhi)的(de)(de)(de)(de)工(gong)(gong)(gong)具和(he)特定的(de)(de)(de)(de)技法,在金屬板(ban)上加(jia)工(gong)(gong)(gong)出千變(bian)萬化(hua)的(de)(de)(de)(de)浮雕(diao)狀圖(tu)案。完成一(yi)(yi)件精美的(de)(de)(de)(de)鏨刻(ke)工(gong)(gong)(gong)藝(yi)品(pin)需要(yao)十多道工(gong)(gong)(gong)藝(yi)流程(cheng),加(jia)上技術工(gong)(gong)(gong)人的(de)(de)(de)(de)格調創造,匠心獨運地(di)打造出個性化(hua),現代化(hua)的(de)(de)(de)(de)雕(diao)塑作(zuo)品(pin)。
鍛銅(tong)是(shi)一種區別于鑄(zhu)銅(tong)的工(gong)藝(yi),是(shi)在(zai)銅(tong)板上進行(xing)創作,利用銅(tong)板加熱(re)后質地變軟(ruan),錘打后又恢復(fu)堅硬的特性,重(zhong)復(fu)這(zhe)一過程,最終(zhong)制作出藝(yi)術作品或其它生活、工(gong)業用品。隨著人民生活水平和審(shen)美情趣的提升,鍛銅(tong)這(zhe)一傳統工(gong)藝(yi)尤其在(zai)工(gong)藝(yi)美術領(ling)域受(shou)到越(yue)(yue)來越(yue)(yue)多設計師和大眾的喜(xi)愛。
火、錘(chui)子(zi)(zi)和鏨(zan)子(zi)(zi)是鍛銅(tong)的三個重要元(yuan)素。小型鍛銅(tong)工藝作品(pin)或大型浮雕局部加(jia)(jia)工可以采(cai)取氧氣加(jia)(jia)乙(yi)炔產生的高溫加(jia)(jia)熱(re),大型作品(pin)就需要生爐火鼓風加(jia)(jia)熱(re)。加(jia)(jia)熱(re)這一環節相對容易。加(jia)(jia)熱(re)后的銅(tong)板要用皮錘(chui)敲打平整。