銅壁畫又叫(jiao)銅(tong)浮(fu)雕(又叫(jiao)鏨銅(tong)或敲銅(tong)),是(shi)利用(yong)銅(tong)材料的(de)(de)延展(zhan)性興起來(lai)得(de)鏨刻(ke)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)藝(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi),是(shi)我(wo)國(guo)傳統手工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)藝(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)百(bai)花中的(de)(de)一(yi)枝奇葩(pa)。之中技(ji)(ji)術(shu)據今已有幾千年的(de)(de)歷史。 鍛銅(tong)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)藝(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)品的(de)(de)造(zao)型,主要為平(ping)面的(de)(de)片(pian)活,片(pian)活是(shi)平(ping)裝在(zai)(zai)某些器(qi)物上(shang)或懸掛起來(lai)供人(ren)欣(xin)賞。鏨刻(ke)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)藝(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)的(de)(de)操(cao)作,是(shi)在(zai)(zai)設計好器(qi)行(xing)或圖(tu)案后(hou),按照一(yi)定(ding)的(de)(de)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)藝(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)流程,以特(te)制的(de)(de)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)具和特(te)定(ding)的(de)(de)技(ji)(ji)法,在(zai)(zai)金屬(shu)板上(shang)加工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)出(chu)千變萬(wan)化(hua)(hua)的(de)(de)浮(fu)雕狀圖(tu)案。完成一(yi)件精美的(de)(de)鏨刻(ke)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)藝(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)品需要十(shi)多道工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)藝(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)流程,加上(shang)技(ji)(ji)術(shu)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)人(ren)的(de)(de)格調創造(zao),匠心(xin)獨(du)運地打造(zao)出(chu)個性化(hua)(hua),現代(dai)化(hua)(hua)的(de)(de)雕塑作品。
鍛(duan)銅(tong)是一種區別于鑄銅(tong)的(de)工(gong)(gong)藝,是在銅(tong)板上進行創作(zuo),利用銅(tong)板加熱后質地變軟(ruan),錘打后又恢復堅硬的(de)特性,重復這(zhe)一過程,最終(zhong)制作(zuo)出(chu)藝術作(zuo)品或(huo)其它生活、工(gong)(gong)業用品。隨(sui)著人民生活水(shui)平和審美情趣的(de)提升,鍛(duan)銅(tong)這(zhe)一傳統(tong)工(gong)(gong)藝尤其在工(gong)(gong)藝美術領域受(shou)到(dao)越(yue)來越(yue)多設(she)計師和大眾的(de)喜愛。
火(huo)、錘子(zi)和鏨子(zi)是鍛銅的(de)三個(ge)重要元素。小(xiao)型(xing)鍛銅工藝作品或(huo)大型(xing)浮雕局部加工可以采取氧氣加乙(yi)炔產生的(de)高(gao)溫加熱,大型(xing)作品就需(xu)要生爐火(huo)鼓風加熱。加熱這一(yi)環節相對容(rong)易。加熱后的(de)銅板要用皮(pi)錘敲打平整(zheng)。