福建佛像雕塑,雕刻藝術種(zhong)(zhong)類的(de)(de)其中一(yi)(yi)種(zhong)(zhong),也是流傳時間最長的(de)(de)一(yi)(yi)種(zhong)(zhong)。最早期(qi)的(de)(de)佛(fo)(fo)(fo)像(xiang)雕塑(su)多見于(yu)石(shi)雕石(shi)刻,后來銅佛(fo)(fo)(fo)像(xiang)雕塑(su)開(kai)始出(chu)現,銅佛(fo)(fo)(fo)像(xiang)大多形體(ti)較小而精致,便以(yi)攜帶(dai)供(gong)奉于(yu)佛(fo)(fo)(fo)寺(si)和(he)信眾家中佛(fo)(fo)(fo)龕,或納藏(zang)于(yu)佛(fo)(fo)(fo)塔地宮之(zhi)中,從古流傳至今,有很(hen)高的(de)(de)收藏(zang)價(jia)值。下面跟著大興(xing)景(jing)觀來了解下福建佛(fo)(fo)(fo)像(xiang)雕塑(su)所用的(de)(de)工具:
工具(ju)是雕刻家從(cong)事創作的最直(zhi)接的助手和伴侶。雕塑(su)的基本工具(ju)有:
雕塑刀(dao)
為泥(ni)塑(su)工(gong)具(ju)(ju),用于(yu)刮、削、貼、挑、壓(ya)、抹泥(ni)塑(su)和(he)(he)造型(xing)(xing) 。又分為3種(zhong)(zhong) :第一種(zhong)(zhong)為金屬工(gong)具(ju)(ju),由鋼( 發藍(lan)防銹 )、不銹鋼、黃(huang)銅等制成,刀(dao)(dao)頭分斜(xie)三(san)(san)角(jiao)形(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)、柳葉形(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)、卯(mao)葉形(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)和(he)(he)箭鏃形(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing),有的邊緣為鋸齒(chi)狀(zhuang)。第二種(zhong)(zhong)為非金屬工(gong)具(ju)(ju),由竹、木(mu) 、骨 、象牙 、牛(niu)角(jiao)、塑(su)料(liao)等材料(liao)制成。大型(xing)(xing)的刀(dao)(dao)具(ju)(ju)形(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)狀(zhuang)有鞋底形(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)、墨魚骨形(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)、拇指形(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing) 、斜(xie)三(san)(san)角(jiao)形(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)等 ;小型(xing)(xing)刀(dao)(dao)具(ju)(ju)形(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)狀(zhuang)有菱角(jiao)形(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing) 、小腳(jiao)形(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)、球(qiu)形(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)、條形(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)等。第三(san)(san)種(zhong)(zhong)為刮刀(dao)(dao),可切削造型(xing)(xing)和(he)(he)做衣紋,有各種(zhong)(zhong)圓弧形(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)和(he)(he)方形(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)雙(shuang)面刮刀(dao)(dao)等。