福建佛像雕塑,雕(diao)刻藝術種類的(de)(de)其(qi)中一種,也是流(liu)傳時間最長的(de)(de)一種。最早期的(de)(de)佛(fo)(fo)像雕(diao)塑多見(jian)于(yu)(yu)石雕(diao)石刻,后來(lai)銅佛(fo)(fo)像雕(diao)塑開始(shi)出(chu)現,銅佛(fo)(fo)像大(da)多形體較小而精致,便以(yi)攜(xie)帶供奉于(yu)(yu)佛(fo)(fo)寺和信眾家中佛(fo)(fo)龕(kan),或納藏于(yu)(yu)佛(fo)(fo)塔地宮之中,從(cong)古流(liu)傳至(zhi)今,有(you)很(hen)高的(de)(de)收藏價(jia)值。下面跟著大(da)興(xing)景觀來(lai)了解下福建佛(fo)(fo)像雕(diao)塑所(suo)用的(de)(de)工具:
工具(ju)是雕刻家從事創作的最直接的助手和伴侶。雕塑的基本工具(ju)有(you):
雕(diao)塑刀
為泥(ni)塑(su)工(gong)具(ju)(ju),用于刮、削(xue)、貼、挑、壓、抹泥(ni)塑(su)和造(zao)型 。又(you)分為3種(zhong)(zhong) :第(di)(di)一種(zhong)(zhong)為金屬(shu)工(gong)具(ju)(ju),由鋼( 發藍(lan)防(fang)銹 )、不銹鋼、黃(huang)銅等制成(cheng),刀頭分斜(xie)三(san)(san)角(jiao)形(xing)(xing)(xing)、柳葉形(xing)(xing)(xing)、卯葉形(xing)(xing)(xing)和箭(jian)鏃(zu)形(xing)(xing)(xing),有(you)的邊緣為鋸齒狀。第(di)(di)二種(zhong)(zhong)為非(fei)金屬(shu)工(gong)具(ju)(ju),由竹、木(mu) 、骨 、象牙 、牛(niu)角(jiao)、塑(su)料等材料制成(cheng)。大(da)型的刀具(ju)(ju)形(xing)(xing)(xing)狀有(you)鞋(xie)底(di)形(xing)(xing)(xing)、墨(mo)魚骨形(xing)(xing)(xing)、拇指形(xing)(xing)(xing) 、斜(xie)三(san)(san)角(jiao)形(xing)(xing)(xing)等 ;小(xiao)型刀具(ju)(ju)形(xing)(xing)(xing)狀有(you)菱(ling)角(jiao)形(xing)(xing)(xing) 、小(xiao)腳(jiao)形(xing)(xing)(xing)、球形(xing)(xing)(xing)、條形(xing)(xing)(xing)等。第(di)(di)三(san)(san)種(zhong)(zhong)為刮刀,可切削(xue)造(zao)型和做衣紋,有(you)各種(zhong)(zhong)圓弧形(xing)(xing)(xing)和方形(xing)(xing)(xing)雙面刮刀等。