福建佛像雕塑,雕(diao)刻藝術種類的(de)(de)(de)其(qi)中(zhong)一種,也(ye)是流傳時間最長(chang)的(de)(de)(de)一種。最早期的(de)(de)(de)佛(fo)(fo)(fo)(fo)像(xiang)雕(diao)塑(su)(su)多見于(yu)石雕(diao)石刻,后來(lai)銅(tong)佛(fo)(fo)(fo)(fo)像(xiang)雕(diao)塑(su)(su)開始出(chu)現,銅(tong)佛(fo)(fo)(fo)(fo)像(xiang)大多形體較(jiao)小而精致,便以攜帶供奉于(yu)佛(fo)(fo)(fo)(fo)寺和信眾(zhong)家中(zhong)佛(fo)(fo)(fo)(fo)龕(kan),或納藏于(yu)佛(fo)(fo)(fo)(fo)塔地宮之(zhi)中(zhong),從(cong)古(gu)流傳至今,有很高的(de)(de)(de)收藏價值。下(xia)面跟(gen)著大興景(jing)觀來(lai)了解(jie)下(xia)福建(jian)佛(fo)(fo)(fo)(fo)像(xiang)雕(diao)塑(su)(su)所用的(de)(de)(de)工具:
工具(ju)是雕刻家從(cong)事(shi)創作(zuo)的(de)最直(zhi)接的(de)助手和(he)伴侶(lv)。雕塑的(de)基本工具(ju)有:
雕塑刀(dao)
為(wei)泥塑(su)工具(ju)(ju),用于刮、削(xue)、貼、挑(tiao)、壓、抹泥塑(su)和造型(xing) 。又(you)分為(wei)3種(zhong) :第(di)(di)一種(zhong)為(wei)金屬工具(ju)(ju),由(you)鋼( 發(fa)藍防銹(xiu) )、不銹(xiu)鋼、黃銅等制成,刀頭分斜三(san)角(jiao)形(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)、柳葉形(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)、卯葉形(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)和箭(jian)鏃形(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing),有(you)(you)的(de)邊(bian)緣為(wei)鋸齒狀(zhuang)。第(di)(di)二種(zhong)為(wei)非(fei)金屬工具(ju)(ju),由(you)竹(zhu)、木 、骨 、象牙 、牛角(jiao)、塑(su)料等材料制成。大型(xing)的(de)刀具(ju)(ju)形(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)狀(zhuang)有(you)(you)鞋底形(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)、墨魚骨形(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)、拇(mu)指形(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing) 、斜三(san)角(jiao)形(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)等 ;小型(xing)刀具(ju)(ju)形(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)狀(zhuang)有(you)(you)菱(ling)角(jiao)形(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing) 、小腳形(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)、球形(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)、條(tiao)形(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)等。第(di)(di)三(san)種(zhong)為(wei)刮刀,可切削(xue)造型(xing)和做衣紋,有(you)(you)各種(zhong)圓弧(hu)形(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)和方形(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)雙(shuang)面刮刀等。