福建佛像雕塑,雕刻(ke)藝(yi)術(shu)種(zhong)類的(de)(de)其中一種(zhong),也(ye)是流傳時間最(zui)長的(de)(de)一種(zhong)。最(zui)早(zao)期的(de)(de)佛(fo)像(xiang)雕塑多(duo)(duo)見(jian)于石雕石刻(ke),后來銅(tong)佛(fo)像(xiang)雕塑開始(shi)出(chu)現(xian),銅(tong)佛(fo)像(xiang)大多(duo)(duo)形體較小(xiao)而(er)精致,便以攜帶供奉(feng)于佛(fo)寺和(he)信眾家中佛(fo)龕,或納藏(zang)(zang)于佛(fo)塔地宮之中,從古流傳至今,有很高(gao)的(de)(de)收(shou)藏(zang)(zang)價值。下面跟著(zhu)大興景觀來了解下福建佛(fo)像(xiang)雕塑所用的(de)(de)工具:
工具是(shi)雕(diao)刻家從事創作的最直(zhi)接(jie)的助(zhu)手和伴侶。雕(diao)塑的基本工具有:
雕塑刀
為(wei)泥(ni)塑工(gong)具,用于刮、削、貼、挑、壓、抹泥(ni)塑和造型 。又分(fen)為(wei)3種(zhong) :第(di)一種(zhong)為(wei)金(jin)屬工(gong)具,由鋼( 發藍防銹(xiu)(xiu) )、不銹(xiu)(xiu)鋼、黃銅(tong)等(deng)制成(cheng)(cheng),刀頭分(fen)斜三(san)角(jiao)形(xing)(xing)(xing)、柳葉(xie)形(xing)(xing)(xing)、卯葉(xie)形(xing)(xing)(xing)和箭(jian)鏃形(xing)(xing)(xing),有(you)(you)的(de)(de)邊緣為(wei)鋸齒(chi)狀(zhuang)。第(di)二種(zhong)為(wei)非(fei)金(jin)屬工(gong)具,由竹、木(mu) 、骨 、象牙 、牛角(jiao)、塑料等(deng)材料制成(cheng)(cheng)。大型的(de)(de)刀具形(xing)(xing)(xing)狀(zhuang)有(you)(you)鞋底(di)形(xing)(xing)(xing)、墨魚骨形(xing)(xing)(xing)、拇指形(xing)(xing)(xing) 、斜三(san)角(jiao)形(xing)(xing)(xing)等(deng) ;小型刀具形(xing)(xing)(xing)狀(zhuang)有(you)(you)菱角(jiao)形(xing)(xing)(xing) 、小腳形(xing)(xing)(xing)、球形(xing)(xing)(xing)、條形(xing)(xing)(xing)等(deng)。第(di)三(san)種(zhong)為(wei)刮刀,可切削造型和做(zuo)衣紋,有(you)(you)各種(zhong)圓(yuan)弧形(xing)(xing)(xing)和方形(xing)(xing)(xing)雙面刮刀等(deng)。