福建佛像雕塑,雕(diao)刻藝術(shu)種(zhong)(zhong)類的(de)其中(zhong)一(yi)種(zhong)(zhong),也是流(liu)傳時間最(zui)長的(de)一(yi)種(zhong)(zhong)。最(zui)早期的(de)佛(fo)(fo)像雕(diao)塑(su)(su)多見于石(shi)(shi)雕(diao)石(shi)(shi)刻,后來(lai)銅佛(fo)(fo)像雕(diao)塑(su)(su)開(kai)始出現,銅佛(fo)(fo)像大多形體較(jiao)小而精致,便以攜帶供(gong)奉于佛(fo)(fo)寺和(he)信(xin)眾家(jia)中(zhong)佛(fo)(fo)龕,或納藏(zang)于佛(fo)(fo)塔地宮(gong)之中(zhong),從(cong)古流(liu)傳至今,有很(hen)高的(de)收藏(zang)價值。下(xia)面跟著大興景觀來(lai)了解下(xia)福建佛(fo)(fo)像雕(diao)塑(su)(su)所用的(de)工具:
工具是雕刻家從事(shi)創作的(de)最直接(jie)的(de)助手(shou)和伴侶(lv)。雕塑的(de)基本工具有:
雕塑刀
為(wei)(wei)泥塑工具(ju),用于刮、削、貼、挑、壓、抹泥塑和造型 。又分為(wei)(wei)3種(zhong) :第一種(zhong)為(wei)(wei)金屬工具(ju),由鋼(gang)( 發藍防(fang)銹(xiu) )、不銹(xiu)鋼(gang)、黃銅等(deng)(deng)制成(cheng),刀頭分斜(xie)三(san)(san)角(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)形(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)、柳葉形(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)、卯葉形(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)和箭(jian)鏃形(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing),有(you)的(de)邊緣為(wei)(wei)鋸齒(chi)狀。第二種(zhong)為(wei)(wei)非金屬工具(ju),由竹(zhu)、木 、骨 、象牙 、牛(niu)角(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)、塑料(liao)等(deng)(deng)材(cai)料(liao)制成(cheng)。大型的(de)刀具(ju)形(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)狀有(you)鞋(xie)底形(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)、墨魚(yu)骨形(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)、拇指形(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing) 、斜(xie)三(san)(san)角(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)形(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)等(deng)(deng) ;小型刀具(ju)形(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)狀有(you)菱角(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)形(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing) 、小腳形(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)、球形(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)、條形(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)等(deng)(deng)。第三(san)(san)種(zhong)為(wei)(wei)刮刀,可切削造型和做衣紋,有(you)各種(zhong)圓弧形(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)和方(fang)形(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)雙面刮刀等(deng)(deng)。