福建佛像雕塑,雕(diao)刻(ke)(ke)藝術(shu)種(zhong)類(lei)的(de)(de)(de)(de)其(qi)中(zhong)一(yi)種(zhong),也是流傳(chuan)時間最長的(de)(de)(de)(de)一(yi)種(zhong)。最早期的(de)(de)(de)(de)佛像(xiang)雕(diao)塑(su)多(duo)見于石雕(diao)石刻(ke)(ke),后來銅佛像(xiang)雕(diao)塑(su)開始出(chu)現,銅佛像(xiang)大(da)多(duo)形(xing)體(ti)較小而精致,便以(yi)攜(xie)帶供奉于佛寺和信眾家中(zhong)佛龕,或納(na)藏(zang)于佛塔地宮(gong)之(zhi)中(zhong),從古流傳(chuan)至今(jin),有很(hen)高的(de)(de)(de)(de)收藏(zang)價值。下(xia)面跟著大(da)興(xing)景觀來了解下(xia)福建(jian)佛像(xiang)雕(diao)塑(su)所用的(de)(de)(de)(de)工具:
工具是雕刻(ke)家從事(shi)創(chuang)作的最直(zhi)接的助手(shou)和伴侶。雕塑的基本工具有:
雕塑刀
為泥(ni)塑(su)工具,用于刮(gua)、削(xue)、貼(tie)、挑、壓、抹泥(ni)塑(su)和造型 。又分(fen)為3種(zhong)(zhong) :第一種(zhong)(zhong)為金屬工具,由鋼( 發藍(lan)防銹(xiu) )、不銹(xiu)鋼、黃銅等(deng)制成,刀頭分(fen)斜三(san)角(jiao)形(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)、柳葉形(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)、卯葉形(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)和箭(jian)鏃形(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing),有(you)的(de)邊緣為鋸齒狀(zhuang)。第二(er)種(zhong)(zhong)為非金屬工具,由竹、木 、骨 、象牙(ya) 、牛角(jiao)、塑(su)料(liao)等(deng)材料(liao)制成。大型的(de)刀具形(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)狀(zhuang)有(you)鞋底形(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)、墨魚(yu)骨形(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)、拇指形(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing) 、斜三(san)角(jiao)形(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)等(deng) ;小型刀具形(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)狀(zhuang)有(you)菱角(jiao)形(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing) 、小腳形(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)、球形(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)、條形(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)等(deng)。第三(san)種(zhong)(zhong)為刮(gua)刀,可(ke)切削(xue)造型和做衣紋,有(you)各種(zhong)(zhong)圓弧形(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)和方(fang)形(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)雙面刮(gua)刀等(deng)。