福建佛像雕塑,雕(diao)(diao)刻(ke)藝(yi)術種類的(de)(de)(de)其中一種,也是(shi)流傳時間(jian)最長的(de)(de)(de)一種。最早期的(de)(de)(de)佛(fo)(fo)像(xiang)雕(diao)(diao)塑(su)多見于(yu)石雕(diao)(diao)石刻(ke),后來銅(tong)佛(fo)(fo)像(xiang)雕(diao)(diao)塑(su)開始出現,銅(tong)佛(fo)(fo)像(xiang)大多形體(ti)較小而(er)精致(zhi),便以攜帶供(gong)奉于(yu)佛(fo)(fo)寺和信眾家中佛(fo)(fo)龕,或納藏于(yu)佛(fo)(fo)塔地宮之中,從古(gu)流傳至今,有很(hen)高(gao)的(de)(de)(de)收(shou)藏價值。下面跟著(zhu)大興景觀來了解下福(fu)建佛(fo)(fo)像(xiang)雕(diao)(diao)塑(su)所用(yong)的(de)(de)(de)工具:
工具(ju)是雕(diao)刻家從(cong)事創作(zuo)的(de)最直接(jie)的(de)助手和伴侶(lv)。雕(diao)塑的(de)基本(ben)工具(ju)有:
雕塑(su)刀(dao)
為(wei)(wei)(wei)泥塑工(gong)具,用于刮(gua)、削、貼、挑、壓、抹泥塑和造(zao)型 。又分為(wei)(wei)(wei)3種(zhong)(zhong) :第(di)(di)一種(zhong)(zhong)為(wei)(wei)(wei)金屬工(gong)具,由鋼( 發藍防銹(xiu) )、不銹(xiu)鋼、黃銅等(deng)制(zhi)成,刀(dao)頭分斜(xie)三角(jiao)形(xing)(xing)、柳葉形(xing)(xing)、卯葉形(xing)(xing)和箭鏃形(xing)(xing),有的邊緣為(wei)(wei)(wei)鋸(ju)齒(chi)狀。第(di)(di)二種(zhong)(zhong)為(wei)(wei)(wei)非金屬工(gong)具,由竹、木 、骨 、象牙 、牛角(jiao)、塑料等(deng)材料制(zhi)成。大型的刀(dao)具形(xing)(xing)狀有鞋底形(xing)(xing)、墨魚骨形(xing)(xing)、拇指形(xing)(xing) 、斜(xie)三角(jiao)形(xing)(xing)等(deng) ;小(xiao)型刀(dao)具形(xing)(xing)狀有菱角(jiao)形(xing)(xing) 、小(xiao)腳(jiao)形(xing)(xing)、球形(xing)(xing)、條形(xing)(xing)等(deng)。第(di)(di)三種(zhong)(zhong)為(wei)(wei)(wei)刮(gua)刀(dao),可切削造(zao)型和做衣紋,有各種(zhong)(zhong)圓弧形(xing)(xing)和方形(xing)(xing)雙面刮(gua)刀(dao)等(deng)。