福建佛像雕塑,雕(diao)(diao)刻藝術(shu)種類的其中一(yi)種,也是流傳時(shi)間最長的一(yi)種。最早期的佛(fo)(fo)像雕(diao)(diao)塑(su)多見于(yu)石雕(diao)(diao)石刻,后來銅佛(fo)(fo)像雕(diao)(diao)塑(su)開始出現,銅佛(fo)(fo)像大(da)多形體較小而精致,便以攜帶供(gong)奉(feng)于(yu)佛(fo)(fo)寺(si)和信眾家中佛(fo)(fo)龕,或納藏于(yu)佛(fo)(fo)塔地(di)宮之(zhi)中,從古流傳至今(jin),有很(hen)高的收藏價值(zhi)。下面跟著大(da)興景觀來了解下福建佛(fo)(fo)像雕(diao)(diao)塑(su)所用的工具:
工具(ju)是雕刻家(jia)從事(shi)創(chuang)作的(de)最直接的(de)助手和伴侶。雕塑的(de)基本工具(ju)有:
雕(diao)塑(su)刀
為(wei)(wei)(wei)泥(ni)塑工(gong)(gong)具,用于刮(gua)、削(xue)、貼(tie)、挑、壓、抹泥(ni)塑和造型(xing) 。又分為(wei)(wei)(wei)3種(zhong) :第一種(zhong)為(wei)(wei)(wei)金(jin)屬(shu)工(gong)(gong)具,由鋼( 發(fa)藍防銹 )、不銹鋼、黃銅等制成,刀(dao)(dao)頭(tou)分斜三(san)角(jiao)形(xing)(xing)(xing)、柳葉(xie)形(xing)(xing)(xing)、卯葉(xie)形(xing)(xing)(xing)和箭鏃形(xing)(xing)(xing),有的邊緣為(wei)(wei)(wei)鋸齒狀(zhuang)。第二種(zhong)為(wei)(wei)(wei)非金(jin)屬(shu)工(gong)(gong)具,由竹、木 、骨(gu) 、象牙 、牛角(jiao)、塑料等材料制成。大型(xing)的刀(dao)(dao)具形(xing)(xing)(xing)狀(zhuang)有鞋底(di)形(xing)(xing)(xing)、墨魚骨(gu)形(xing)(xing)(xing)、拇(mu)指形(xing)(xing)(xing) 、斜三(san)角(jiao)形(xing)(xing)(xing)等 ;小型(xing)刀(dao)(dao)具形(xing)(xing)(xing)狀(zhuang)有菱(ling)角(jiao)形(xing)(xing)(xing) 、小腳形(xing)(xing)(xing)、球形(xing)(xing)(xing)、條形(xing)(xing)(xing)等。第三(san)種(zhong)為(wei)(wei)(wei)刮(gua)刀(dao)(dao),可切削(xue)造型(xing)和做衣紋,有各種(zhong)圓弧(hu)形(xing)(xing)(xing)和方(fang)形(xing)(xing)(xing)雙面刮(gua)刀(dao)(dao)等。