福建佛像雕塑,雕刻藝術種類的(de)(de)其中(zhong)一(yi)種,也是流傳(chuan)時間最(zui)長的(de)(de)一(yi)種。最(zui)早(zao)期的(de)(de)佛(fo)(fo)(fo)像(xiang)雕塑(su)(su)多(duo)見于石雕石刻,后(hou)來(lai)銅佛(fo)(fo)(fo)像(xiang)雕塑(su)(su)開(kai)始出(chu)現,銅佛(fo)(fo)(fo)像(xiang)大多(duo)形體較小而精(jing)致,便以攜帶供奉于佛(fo)(fo)(fo)寺(si)和信眾家(jia)中(zhong)佛(fo)(fo)(fo)龕,或納藏于佛(fo)(fo)(fo)塔地宮之中(zhong),從古流傳(chuan)至今,有很高的(de)(de)收(shou)藏價值。下面(mian)跟著大興景觀來(lai)了解(jie)下福(fu)建佛(fo)(fo)(fo)像(xiang)雕塑(su)(su)所用的(de)(de)工具(ju):
工具(ju)是雕(diao)(diao)刻家從(cong)事創作的(de)最直接的(de)助手和(he)伴侶(lv)。雕(diao)(diao)塑的(de)基(ji)本(ben)工具(ju)有:
雕塑(su)刀
為(wei)(wei)泥塑(su)(su)工(gong)具(ju),用于(yu)刮(gua)(gua)、削、貼、挑、壓、抹泥塑(su)(su)和造(zao)型(xing)(xing) 。又分(fen)為(wei)(wei)3種(zhong)(zhong) :第(di)一種(zhong)(zhong)為(wei)(wei)金屬工(gong)具(ju),由鋼( 發藍防(fang)銹 )、不銹鋼、黃銅等(deng)制成(cheng)(cheng),刀頭(tou)分(fen)斜(xie)(xie)三角形(xing)(xing)、柳葉形(xing)(xing)、卯(mao)葉形(xing)(xing)和箭(jian)鏃形(xing)(xing),有的邊緣為(wei)(wei)鋸齒(chi)狀。第(di)二種(zhong)(zhong)為(wei)(wei)非金屬工(gong)具(ju),由竹、木 、骨 、象牙 、牛角、塑(su)(su)料等(deng)材料制成(cheng)(cheng)。大型(xing)(xing)的刀具(ju)形(xing)(xing)狀有鞋底形(xing)(xing)、墨魚骨形(xing)(xing)、拇指形(xing)(xing) 、斜(xie)(xie)三角形(xing)(xing)等(deng) ;小(xiao)型(xing)(xing)刀具(ju)形(xing)(xing)狀有菱(ling)角形(xing)(xing) 、小(xiao)腳(jiao)形(xing)(xing)、球(qiu)形(xing)(xing)、條形(xing)(xing)等(deng)。第(di)三種(zhong)(zhong)為(wei)(wei)刮(gua)(gua)刀,可切削造(zao)型(xing)(xing)和做衣紋,有各種(zhong)(zhong)圓(yuan)弧形(xing)(xing)和方形(xing)(xing)雙面刮(gua)(gua)刀等(deng)。