福建佛像雕塑,雕(diao)刻藝術種(zhong)類的(de)(de)其中(zhong)一種(zhong),也(ye)是(shi)流傳時間最長的(de)(de)一種(zhong)。最早期(qi)的(de)(de)佛(fo)(fo)像(xiang)雕(diao)塑(su)多(duo)見于(yu)石(shi)雕(diao)石(shi)刻,后來銅(tong)佛(fo)(fo)像(xiang)雕(diao)塑(su)開始出現(xian),銅(tong)佛(fo)(fo)像(xiang)大多(duo)形體較小而精致(zhi),便(bian)以攜帶供(gong)奉于(yu)佛(fo)(fo)寺和信眾家中(zhong)佛(fo)(fo)龕,或納藏(zang)于(yu)佛(fo)(fo)塔(ta)地(di)宮之中(zhong),從古流傳至今,有很高的(de)(de)收(shou)藏(zang)價值。下面跟著(zhu)大興景觀來了解下福建佛(fo)(fo)像(xiang)雕(diao)塑(su)所用的(de)(de)工具(ju):
工具(ju)是雕刻家從事(shi)創作的最直接的助手(shou)和伴侶。雕塑的基本(ben)工具(ju)有:
雕塑(su)刀
為(wei)(wei)泥塑(su)工具,用于刮(gua)、削(xue)、貼、挑、壓、抹泥塑(su)和(he)造型(xing) 。又分為(wei)(wei)3種(zhong)(zhong) :第一種(zhong)(zhong)為(wei)(wei)金屬工具,由(you)鋼( 發藍(lan)防(fang)銹 )、不銹鋼、黃銅等(deng)(deng)制成,刀(dao)頭分斜三(san)角(jiao)形(xing)(xing)(xing)、柳葉(xie)形(xing)(xing)(xing)、卯葉(xie)形(xing)(xing)(xing)和(he)箭鏃形(xing)(xing)(xing),有(you)(you)的(de)邊(bian)緣為(wei)(wei)鋸齒狀(zhuang)。第二種(zhong)(zhong)為(wei)(wei)非金屬工具,由(you)竹、木(mu) 、骨 、象牙(ya) 、牛角(jiao)、塑(su)料等(deng)(deng)材料制成。大型(xing)的(de)刀(dao)具形(xing)(xing)(xing)狀(zhuang)有(you)(you)鞋底(di)形(xing)(xing)(xing)、墨魚骨形(xing)(xing)(xing)、拇(mu)指形(xing)(xing)(xing) 、斜三(san)角(jiao)形(xing)(xing)(xing)等(deng)(deng) ;小(xiao)型(xing)刀(dao)具形(xing)(xing)(xing)狀(zhuang)有(you)(you)菱角(jiao)形(xing)(xing)(xing) 、小(xiao)腳形(xing)(xing)(xing)、球形(xing)(xing)(xing)、條形(xing)(xing)(xing)等(deng)(deng)。第三(san)種(zhong)(zhong)為(wei)(wei)刮(gua)刀(dao),可切削(xue)造型(xing)和(he)做衣(yi)紋,有(you)(you)各(ge)種(zhong)(zhong)圓弧形(xing)(xing)(xing)和(he)方形(xing)(xing)(xing)雙(shuang)面刮(gua)刀(dao)等(deng)(deng)。