福建佛像雕塑,雕(diao)(diao)刻(ke)藝術(shu)種類的其(qi)中(zhong)(zhong)一(yi)種,也(ye)是流傳(chuan)時間最長的一(yi)種。最早期的佛(fo)(fo)(fo)像(xiang)雕(diao)(diao)塑多(duo)見于(yu)石雕(diao)(diao)石刻(ke),后來銅佛(fo)(fo)(fo)像(xiang)雕(diao)(diao)塑開始出(chu)現,銅佛(fo)(fo)(fo)像(xiang)大多(duo)形體(ti)較小而精致,便(bian)以(yi)攜(xie)帶供奉于(yu)佛(fo)(fo)(fo)寺和信眾家中(zhong)(zhong)佛(fo)(fo)(fo)龕,或納(na)藏于(yu)佛(fo)(fo)(fo)塔地宮(gong)之中(zhong)(zhong),從古流傳(chuan)至(zhi)今,有(you)很(hen)高的收藏價(jia)值(zhi)。下面(mian)跟著大興景觀(guan)來了解下福建佛(fo)(fo)(fo)像(xiang)雕(diao)(diao)塑所(suo)用的工(gong)具:
工具是(shi)雕(diao)刻家從(cong)事創作的最直(zhi)接(jie)的助手和(he)伴侶。雕(diao)塑的基(ji)本工具有:
雕塑刀
為泥(ni)塑工具(ju),用(yong)于刮(gua)(gua)、削、貼、挑(tiao)、壓、抹泥(ni)塑和(he)造(zao)型 。又分為3種(zhong) :第一種(zhong)為金(jin)屬工具(ju),由鋼( 發藍防銹 )、不銹鋼、黃銅等(deng)制成,刀(dao)頭分斜三(san)(san)角形(xing)(xing)(xing)、柳葉(xie)形(xing)(xing)(xing)、卯葉(xie)形(xing)(xing)(xing)和(he)箭鏃形(xing)(xing)(xing),有(you)的邊緣為鋸(ju)齒狀(zhuang)。第二種(zhong)為非(fei)金(jin)屬工具(ju),由竹、木 、骨(gu)(gu) 、象牙 、牛角、塑料等(deng)材料制成。大型的刀(dao)具(ju)形(xing)(xing)(xing)狀(zhuang)有(you)鞋底形(xing)(xing)(xing)、墨魚骨(gu)(gu)形(xing)(xing)(xing)、拇指形(xing)(xing)(xing) 、斜三(san)(san)角形(xing)(xing)(xing)等(deng) ;小(xiao)型刀(dao)具(ju)形(xing)(xing)(xing)狀(zhuang)有(you)菱角形(xing)(xing)(xing) 、小(xiao)腳形(xing)(xing)(xing)、球形(xing)(xing)(xing)、條形(xing)(xing)(xing)等(deng)。第三(san)(san)種(zhong)為刮(gua)(gua)刀(dao),可切(qie)削造(zao)型和(he)做衣紋,有(you)各種(zhong)圓弧形(xing)(xing)(xing)和(he)方(fang)形(xing)(xing)(xing)雙面(mian)刮(gua)(gua)刀(dao)等(deng)。