福建佛像雕塑,雕(diao)刻(ke)(ke)藝術(shu)種類(lei)的(de)(de)其中(zhong)一種,也是(shi)流(liu)傳時間最長的(de)(de)一種。最早(zao)期的(de)(de)佛(fo)(fo)像雕(diao)塑多見于(yu)石雕(diao)石刻(ke)(ke),后來銅佛(fo)(fo)像雕(diao)塑開始出(chu)現,銅佛(fo)(fo)像大多形體較小而(er)精致,便以攜帶供奉于(yu)佛(fo)(fo)寺和(he)信眾家中(zhong)佛(fo)(fo)龕,或納(na)藏(zang)于(yu)佛(fo)(fo)塔地宮之中(zhong),從古(gu)流(liu)傳至(zhi)今,有很(hen)高的(de)(de)收藏(zang)價(jia)值(zhi)。下面跟著大興(xing)景觀來了(le)解下福建佛(fo)(fo)像雕(diao)塑所用(yong)的(de)(de)工具:
工具是雕刻家從事創(chuang)作的最直接的助手和伴(ban)侶。雕塑的基本工具有:
雕塑刀
為(wei)泥塑工具(ju)(ju),用于刮、削、貼、挑、壓、抹泥塑和造型(xing) 。又(you)分(fen)為(wei)3種(zhong)(zhong) :第一種(zhong)(zhong)為(wei)金屬工具(ju)(ju),由(you)鋼(gang)( 發藍(lan)防銹 )、不銹鋼(gang)、黃(huang)銅(tong)等(deng)制成,刀(dao)(dao)頭(tou)分(fen)斜三(san)角(jiao)(jiao)形(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)、柳(liu)葉形(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)、卯葉形(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)和箭鏃(zu)形(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing),有(you)(you)的(de)邊緣為(wei)鋸齒狀(zhuang)。第二種(zhong)(zhong)為(wei)非金屬工具(ju)(ju),由(you)竹、木 、骨 、象牙 、牛角(jiao)(jiao)、塑料等(deng)材料制成。大型(xing)的(de)刀(dao)(dao)具(ju)(ju)形(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)狀(zhuang)有(you)(you)鞋底形(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)、墨魚骨形(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)、拇指(zhi)形(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing) 、斜三(san)角(jiao)(jiao)形(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)等(deng) ;小型(xing)刀(dao)(dao)具(ju)(ju)形(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)狀(zhuang)有(you)(you)菱角(jiao)(jiao)形(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing) 、小腳形(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)、球形(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)、條形(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)等(deng)。第三(san)種(zhong)(zhong)為(wei)刮刀(dao)(dao),可切削造型(xing)和做衣(yi)紋,有(you)(you)各種(zhong)(zhong)圓弧形(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)和方形(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)雙面刮刀(dao)(dao)等(deng)。