福建佛像雕塑,雕(diao)刻藝(yi)術種類的(de)其中(zhong)一(yi)種,也是(shi)流(liu)傳時(shi)間最(zui)長的(de)一(yi)種。最(zui)早期的(de)佛(fo)(fo)(fo)像(xiang)雕(diao)塑(su)多見于(yu)石雕(diao)石刻,后(hou)來銅佛(fo)(fo)(fo)像(xiang)雕(diao)塑(su)開(kai)始(shi)出現,銅佛(fo)(fo)(fo)像(xiang)大(da)多形體(ti)較小而精致(zhi),便以攜帶供奉于(yu)佛(fo)(fo)(fo)寺(si)和信(xin)眾(zhong)家中(zhong)佛(fo)(fo)(fo)龕,或納藏于(yu)佛(fo)(fo)(fo)塔地宮之中(zhong),從古(gu)流(liu)傳至今,有(you)很(hen)高(gao)的(de)收藏價值。下面(mian)跟(gen)著大(da)興(xing)景(jing)觀(guan)來了解下福(fu)建(jian)佛(fo)(fo)(fo)像(xiang)雕(diao)塑(su)所用的(de)工具(ju):
工(gong)具(ju)是雕刻(ke)家從事創作的最(zui)直接的助(zhu)手(shou)和伴侶(lv)。雕塑的基本(ben)工(gong)具(ju)有:
雕(diao)塑刀
為(wei)泥塑(su)工具,用于刮、削、貼、挑、壓、抹(mo)泥塑(su)和(he)(he)(he)造型 。又分為(wei)3種(zhong) :第(di)一(yi)種(zhong)為(wei)金(jin)屬工具,由(you)鋼( 發(fa)藍防銹(xiu) )、不銹(xiu)鋼、黃(huang)銅等制成(cheng),刀(dao)(dao)頭(tou)分斜三角(jiao)形(xing)(xing)(xing)、柳(liu)葉形(xing)(xing)(xing)、卯(mao)葉形(xing)(xing)(xing)和(he)(he)(he)箭(jian)鏃形(xing)(xing)(xing),有(you)(you)的邊緣(yuan)為(wei)鋸齒狀(zhuang)。第(di)二(er)種(zhong)為(wei)非金(jin)屬工具,由(you)竹、木 、骨(gu)(gu) 、象牙(ya) 、牛角(jiao)、塑(su)料等材料制成(cheng)。大型的刀(dao)(dao)具形(xing)(xing)(xing)狀(zhuang)有(you)(you)鞋底形(xing)(xing)(xing)、墨魚骨(gu)(gu)形(xing)(xing)(xing)、拇(mu)指(zhi)形(xing)(xing)(xing) 、斜三角(jiao)形(xing)(xing)(xing)等 ;小(xiao)型刀(dao)(dao)具形(xing)(xing)(xing)狀(zhuang)有(you)(you)菱角(jiao)形(xing)(xing)(xing) 、小(xiao)腳形(xing)(xing)(xing)、球形(xing)(xing)(xing)、條形(xing)(xing)(xing)等。第(di)三種(zhong)為(wei)刮刀(dao)(dao),可切削造型和(he)(he)(he)做衣紋(wen),有(you)(you)各(ge)種(zhong)圓弧形(xing)(xing)(xing)和(he)(he)(he)方形(xing)(xing)(xing)雙面刮刀(dao)(dao)等。