福建佛像雕塑,雕(diao)(diao)刻藝術種類的(de)其中一種,也是流傳(chuan)時間最(zui)長(chang)的(de)一種。最(zui)早期(qi)的(de)佛像雕(diao)(diao)塑多見于石雕(diao)(diao)石刻,后來銅(tong)佛像雕(diao)(diao)塑開始出現,銅(tong)佛像大多形體較小而精致(zhi),便以攜帶供奉于佛寺(si)和信眾(zhong)家(jia)中佛龕,或納(na)藏于佛塔地宮(gong)之中,從古流傳(chuan)至今,有很高的(de)收藏價值。下面跟(gen)著(zhu)大興景觀(guan)來了解下福(fu)建(jian)佛像雕(diao)(diao)塑所用的(de)工具:
工(gong)具是雕刻家(jia)從事(shi)創作的(de)最直接的(de)助(zhu)手和(he)伴(ban)侶。雕塑(su)的(de)基本工(gong)具有:
雕塑(su)刀
為泥塑工具(ju),用于刮(gua)、削、貼(tie)、挑、壓、抹泥塑和造型(xing) 。又(you)分為3種(zhong) :第(di)一種(zhong)為金(jin)(jin)屬工具(ju),由鋼( 發藍防銹(xiu) )、不銹(xiu)鋼、黃銅等(deng)制成(cheng),刀(dao)頭分斜三角(jiao)形(xing)(xing)(xing)、柳(liu)葉(xie)(xie)形(xing)(xing)(xing)、卯(mao)葉(xie)(xie)形(xing)(xing)(xing)和箭鏃形(xing)(xing)(xing),有(you)(you)的(de)邊(bian)緣為鋸齒(chi)狀(zhuang)(zhuang)(zhuang)。第(di)二種(zhong)為非金(jin)(jin)屬工具(ju),由竹、木 、骨 、象牙 、牛角(jiao)、塑料等(deng)材料制成(cheng)。大型(xing)的(de)刀(dao)具(ju)形(xing)(xing)(xing)狀(zhuang)(zhuang)(zhuang)有(you)(you)鞋底形(xing)(xing)(xing)、墨魚骨形(xing)(xing)(xing)、拇(mu)指形(xing)(xing)(xing) 、斜三角(jiao)形(xing)(xing)(xing)等(deng) ;小(xiao)型(xing)刀(dao)具(ju)形(xing)(xing)(xing)狀(zhuang)(zhuang)(zhuang)有(you)(you)菱角(jiao)形(xing)(xing)(xing) 、小(xiao)腳(jiao)形(xing)(xing)(xing)、球形(xing)(xing)(xing)、條形(xing)(xing)(xing)等(deng)。第(di)三種(zhong)為刮(gua)刀(dao),可切削造型(xing)和做衣紋,有(you)(you)各種(zhong)圓弧形(xing)(xing)(xing)和方形(xing)(xing)(xing)雙面刮(gua)刀(dao)等(deng)。