福建佛像雕塑,雕(diao)刻藝術種類的其中(zhong)一種,也是流(liu)(liu)傳(chuan)時間最(zui)長的一種。最(zui)早期的佛像雕(diao)塑多見于石(shi)(shi)雕(diao)石(shi)(shi)刻,后來(lai)(lai)銅佛像雕(diao)塑開始出現,銅佛像大(da)多形體(ti)較小而精致,便以攜帶(dai)供奉(feng)于佛寺(si)和信眾家中(zhong)佛龕,或納藏于佛塔地宮之中(zhong),從古流(liu)(liu)傳(chuan)至今,有(you)很高的收藏價值。下(xia)面跟著大(da)興景觀來(lai)(lai)了解下(xia)福建(jian)佛像雕(diao)塑所用的工具(ju):
工(gong)具是(shi)雕(diao)刻家從(cong)事(shi)創(chuang)作(zuo)的最(zui)直(zhi)接(jie)的助手和伴侶。雕(diao)塑的基(ji)本工(gong)具有(you):
雕(diao)塑刀
為(wei)(wei)泥塑工具(ju),用于刮、削(xue)、貼、挑(tiao)、壓、抹(mo)泥塑和(he)(he)造型 。又分為(wei)(wei)3種(zhong) :第一種(zhong)為(wei)(wei)金(jin)屬工具(ju),由鋼( 發藍(lan)防銹(xiu) )、不銹(xiu)鋼、黃(huang)銅等(deng)(deng)制(zhi)成,刀頭分斜(xie)三(san)角形(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)、柳(liu)葉(xie)形(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)、卯葉(xie)形(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)和(he)(he)箭鏃(zu)形(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing),有(you)的邊緣為(wei)(wei)鋸齒狀。第二種(zhong)為(wei)(wei)非金(jin)屬工具(ju),由竹(zhu)、木 、骨(gu)(gu) 、象牙 、牛角、塑料等(deng)(deng)材(cai)料制(zhi)成。大型的刀具(ju)形(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)狀有(you)鞋底形(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)、墨魚骨(gu)(gu)形(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)、拇(mu)指(zhi)形(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing) 、斜(xie)三(san)角形(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)等(deng)(deng) ;小型刀具(ju)形(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)狀有(you)菱角形(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing) 、小腳形(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)、球(qiu)形(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)、條形(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)等(deng)(deng)。第三(san)種(zhong)為(wei)(wei)刮刀,可(ke)切削(xue)造型和(he)(he)做衣紋,有(you)各(ge)種(zhong)圓弧形(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)和(he)(he)方形(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)雙面刮刀等(deng)(deng)。