福建佛像雕塑,雕(diao)刻藝術種類(lei)的(de)其中(zhong)(zhong)一(yi)種,也是(shi)流(liu)傳(chuan)時間最(zui)長的(de)一(yi)種。最(zui)早期的(de)佛(fo)像(xiang)雕(diao)塑多見于石(shi)雕(diao)石(shi)刻,后來銅佛(fo)像(xiang)雕(diao)塑開始出(chu)現,銅佛(fo)像(xiang)大多形體較小而(er)精致,便以攜(xie)帶供(gong)奉(feng)于佛(fo)寺和信眾家中(zhong)(zhong)佛(fo)龕,或納藏(zang)于佛(fo)塔地宮之中(zhong)(zhong),從古(gu)流(liu)傳(chuan)至今(jin),有很高的(de)收藏(zang)價值。下面跟著大興景觀來了解下福(fu)建(jian)佛(fo)像(xiang)雕(diao)塑所用(yong)的(de)工(gong)具(ju):
工具是雕(diao)刻家(jia)從(cong)事創作的最直接的助(zhu)手(shou)和(he)伴侶。雕(diao)塑(su)的基本工具有(you):
雕塑刀
為泥(ni)塑(su)工(gong)具(ju)(ju)(ju),用(yong)于刮、削(xue)、貼、挑、壓、抹泥(ni)塑(su)和造型 。又分為3種(zhong) :第(di)一種(zhong)為金屬工(gong)具(ju)(ju)(ju),由(you)鋼(gang)( 發藍(lan)防(fang)銹 )、不銹鋼(gang)、黃(huang)銅等(deng)制成,刀(dao)頭(tou)分斜(xie)三(san)角(jiao)(jiao)形(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)、柳葉形(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)、卯葉形(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)和箭鏃形(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing),有的邊(bian)緣(yuan)為鋸齒(chi)狀。第(di)二種(zhong)為非金屬工(gong)具(ju)(ju)(ju),由(you)竹、木(mu) 、骨 、象牙 、牛角(jiao)(jiao)、塑(su)料等(deng)材料制成。大型的刀(dao)具(ju)(ju)(ju)形(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)狀有鞋底形(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)、墨魚骨形(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)、拇指形(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing) 、斜(xie)三(san)角(jiao)(jiao)形(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)等(deng) ;小型刀(dao)具(ju)(ju)(ju)形(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)狀有菱角(jiao)(jiao)形(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing) 、小腳(jiao)形(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)、球形(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)、條形(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)等(deng)。第(di)三(san)種(zhong)為刮刀(dao),可(ke)切削(xue)造型和做衣(yi)紋(wen),有各種(zhong)圓弧形(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)和方形(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)雙面刮刀(dao)等(deng)。