福建佛像雕塑,雕刻藝術(shu)種類的其(qi)中(zhong)一種,也是(shi)流傳時(shi)間最(zui)長的一種。最(zui)早(zao)期的佛(fo)(fo)像雕塑(su)多見于(yu)(yu)石雕石刻,后來(lai)銅佛(fo)(fo)像雕塑(su)開始(shi)出現,銅佛(fo)(fo)像大多形體較小而精致(zhi),便以攜(xie)帶供(gong)奉于(yu)(yu)佛(fo)(fo)寺和信(xin)眾(zhong)家中(zhong)佛(fo)(fo)龕,或納藏(zang)于(yu)(yu)佛(fo)(fo)塔(ta)地宮之中(zhong),從古流傳至今(jin),有很高(gao)的收(shou)藏(zang)價值。下面跟著大興景觀來(lai)了解(jie)下福建(jian)佛(fo)(fo)像雕塑(su)所用的工具:
工具(ju)(ju)是雕刻家從(cong)事(shi)創作的最直接的助手和伴(ban)侶。雕塑的基本工具(ju)(ju)有:
雕(diao)塑刀(dao)
為(wei)泥塑工(gong)(gong)具(ju),用于(yu)刮、削、貼、挑、壓、抹泥塑和造(zao)型(xing)(xing) 。又分為(wei)3種 :第一種為(wei)金屬工(gong)(gong)具(ju),由鋼( 發藍防銹 )、不(bu)銹鋼、黃銅(tong)等(deng)制成,刀頭分斜三角(jiao)形(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)、柳葉形(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)、卯(mao)葉形(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)和箭鏃形(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing),有(you)的邊緣為(wei)鋸齒狀。第二種為(wei)非金屬工(gong)(gong)具(ju),由竹、木 、骨 、象牙 、牛角(jiao)、塑料(liao)等(deng)材料(liao)制成。大型(xing)(xing)的刀具(ju)形(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)狀有(you)鞋(xie)底(di)形(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)、墨魚骨形(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)、拇指(zhi)形(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing) 、斜三角(jiao)形(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)等(deng) ;小(xiao)型(xing)(xing)刀具(ju)形(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)狀有(you)菱角(jiao)形(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing) 、小(xiao)腳形(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)、球形(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)、條形(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)等(deng)。第三種為(wei)刮刀,可切削造(zao)型(xing)(xing)和做衣紋,有(you)各種圓弧(hu)形(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)和方形(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)雙面刮刀等(deng)。