福建佛像雕塑,雕刻藝術種(zhong)類(lei)的(de)其中一(yi)種(zhong),也是流(liu)傳(chuan)時間(jian)最長的(de)一(yi)種(zhong)。最早期的(de)佛(fo)(fo)(fo)(fo)像(xiang)(xiang)雕塑(su)多見于石雕石刻,后(hou)來銅佛(fo)(fo)(fo)(fo)像(xiang)(xiang)雕塑(su)開始出現,銅佛(fo)(fo)(fo)(fo)像(xiang)(xiang)大多形體較小而精(jing)致,便以攜帶供奉(feng)于佛(fo)(fo)(fo)(fo)寺和信眾家中佛(fo)(fo)(fo)(fo)龕,或(huo)納藏(zang)于佛(fo)(fo)(fo)(fo)塔地宮之中,從古流(liu)傳(chuan)至今,有很高的(de)收藏(zang)價(jia)值。下面(mian)跟著大興(xing)景觀來了解下福建佛(fo)(fo)(fo)(fo)像(xiang)(xiang)雕塑(su)所(suo)用(yong)的(de)工具:
工(gong)具(ju)是雕(diao)刻(ke)家(jia)從事創作(zuo)的最直接的助(zhu)手和伴侶。雕(diao)塑的基本工(gong)具(ju)有:
雕(diao)塑刀(dao)
為泥塑工(gong)具(ju)(ju),用(yong)于刮(gua)、削(xue)、貼、挑(tiao)、壓、抹泥塑和造型(xing) 。又分為3種(zhong)(zhong) :第(di)(di)一種(zhong)(zhong)為金屬工(gong)具(ju)(ju),由鋼( 發藍防銹(xiu) )、不(bu)銹(xiu)鋼、黃(huang)銅等(deng)(deng)(deng)制(zhi)成,刀(dao)(dao)(dao)頭分斜三(san)角(jiao)形(xing)(xing)(xing)、柳葉(xie)形(xing)(xing)(xing)、卯(mao)葉(xie)形(xing)(xing)(xing)和箭鏃形(xing)(xing)(xing),有(you)的(de)(de)邊緣為鋸齒狀。第(di)(di)二種(zhong)(zhong)為非金屬工(gong)具(ju)(ju),由竹、木 、骨(gu) 、象牙 、牛角(jiao)、塑料等(deng)(deng)(deng)材(cai)料制(zhi)成。大型(xing)的(de)(de)刀(dao)(dao)(dao)具(ju)(ju)形(xing)(xing)(xing)狀有(you)鞋底形(xing)(xing)(xing)、墨魚(yu)骨(gu)形(xing)(xing)(xing)、拇指形(xing)(xing)(xing) 、斜三(san)角(jiao)形(xing)(xing)(xing)等(deng)(deng)(deng) ;小型(xing)刀(dao)(dao)(dao)具(ju)(ju)形(xing)(xing)(xing)狀有(you)菱角(jiao)形(xing)(xing)(xing) 、小腳(jiao)形(xing)(xing)(xing)、球形(xing)(xing)(xing)、條形(xing)(xing)(xing)等(deng)(deng)(deng)。第(di)(di)三(san)種(zhong)(zhong)為刮(gua)刀(dao)(dao)(dao),可切削(xue)造型(xing)和做衣紋(wen),有(you)各種(zhong)(zhong)圓弧形(xing)(xing)(xing)和方形(xing)(xing)(xing)雙(shuang)面刮(gua)刀(dao)(dao)(dao)等(deng)(deng)(deng)。