福建佛像雕塑,雕(diao)刻(ke)藝術種類的(de)其中一(yi)種,也是流(liu)傳時(shi)間最(zui)長的(de)一(yi)種。最(zui)早(zao)期的(de)佛(fo)(fo)像雕(diao)塑多(duo)見于(yu)石雕(diao)石刻(ke),后來(lai)銅佛(fo)(fo)像雕(diao)塑開始出現,銅佛(fo)(fo)像大多(duo)形體較小而精致,便以(yi)攜帶供奉(feng)于(yu)佛(fo)(fo)寺和信眾家中佛(fo)(fo)龕,或納藏(zang)于(yu)佛(fo)(fo)塔地(di)宮之中,從古流(liu)傳至今,有很高的(de)收藏(zang)價值。下面跟著大興景觀來(lai)了解(jie)下福建佛(fo)(fo)像雕(diao)塑所用的(de)工(gong)具(ju):
工具是雕(diao)刻家(jia)從事(shi)創作(zuo)的(de)最直接(jie)的(de)助手(shou)和(he)伴侶(lv)。雕(diao)塑(su)的(de)基本(ben)工具有:
雕(diao)塑刀(dao)
為(wei)泥塑(su)(su)工(gong)具(ju),用于刮(gua)、削、貼(tie)、挑、壓、抹泥塑(su)(su)和造(zao)(zao)型(xing)(xing)(xing) 。又分為(wei)3種 :第一種為(wei)金屬(shu)工(gong)具(ju),由(you)鋼( 發藍防銹 )、不銹鋼、黃銅等(deng)(deng)制成(cheng),刀頭分斜(xie)三角形(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)、柳葉形(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)、卯葉形(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)和箭鏃形(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing),有(you)(you)的邊(bian)緣為(wei)鋸齒(chi)狀。第二種為(wei)非金屬(shu)工(gong)具(ju),由(you)竹、木 、骨(gu) 、象牙 、牛角、塑(su)(su)料(liao)等(deng)(deng)材(cai)料(liao)制成(cheng)。大(da)型(xing)(xing)(xing)的刀具(ju)形(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)狀有(you)(you)鞋底形(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)、墨魚骨(gu)形(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)、拇指形(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing) 、斜(xie)三角形(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)等(deng)(deng) ;小型(xing)(xing)(xing)刀具(ju)形(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)狀有(you)(you)菱角形(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing) 、小腳形(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)、球形(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)、條形(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)等(deng)(deng)。第三種為(wei)刮(gua)刀,可切削造(zao)(zao)型(xing)(xing)(xing)和做衣紋,有(you)(you)各(ge)種圓弧(hu)形(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)和方形(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)雙面刮(gua)刀等(deng)(deng)。