福建佛像雕塑,雕(diao)(diao)刻藝術種類的(de)其中一種,也是流傳時間最長(chang)的(de)一種。最早期的(de)佛(fo)像(xiang)(xiang)雕(diao)(diao)塑(su)多(duo)見(jian)于石(shi)(shi)雕(diao)(diao)石(shi)(shi)刻,后來銅佛(fo)像(xiang)(xiang)雕(diao)(diao)塑(su)開始出現,銅佛(fo)像(xiang)(xiang)大多(duo)形體較(jiao)小而精致,便以攜帶供奉于佛(fo)寺和信(xin)眾(zhong)家中佛(fo)龕,或納藏于佛(fo)塔(ta)地宮之中,從古(gu)流傳至今,有很高的(de)收藏價值。下(xia)面跟著大興景觀來了解下(xia)福(fu)建(jian)佛(fo)像(xiang)(xiang)雕(diao)(diao)塑(su)所用的(de)工(gong)具:
工具是雕刻(ke)家從事(shi)創(chuang)作(zuo)的最直接的助手和伴侶(lv)。雕塑的基本工具有:
雕塑刀
為泥塑(su)工具,用于刮、削(xue)、貼、挑、壓、抹泥塑(su)和(he)造(zao)型 。又分為3種(zhong) :第一種(zhong)為金屬(shu)工具,由(you)鋼( 發藍防(fang)銹 )、不銹鋼、黃(huang)銅(tong)等(deng)(deng)制成,刀(dao)頭分斜三(san)角(jiao)(jiao)形(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)、柳葉形(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)、卯葉形(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)和(he)箭鏃形(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing),有的邊緣為鋸齒(chi)狀。第二種(zhong)為非金屬(shu)工具,由(you)竹、木(mu) 、骨(gu) 、象牙 、牛角(jiao)(jiao)、塑(su)料等(deng)(deng)材(cai)料制成。大(da)型的刀(dao)具形(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)狀有鞋(xie)底形(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)、墨魚骨(gu)形(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)、拇(mu)指(zhi)形(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing) 、斜三(san)角(jiao)(jiao)形(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)等(deng)(deng) ;小(xiao)型刀(dao)具形(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)狀有菱角(jiao)(jiao)形(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing) 、小(xiao)腳形(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)、球形(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)、條形(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)等(deng)(deng)。第三(san)種(zhong)為刮刀(dao),可切削(xue)造(zao)型和(he)做衣紋,有各種(zhong)圓弧形(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)和(he)方形(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)雙(shuang)面刮刀(dao)等(deng)(deng)。