福建佛像雕塑,雕(diao)刻藝術種類的(de)(de)其中(zhong)一(yi)種,也是流傳時間最長的(de)(de)一(yi)種。最早(zao)期的(de)(de)佛像雕(diao)塑多見于(yu)石雕(diao)石刻,后來銅佛像雕(diao)塑開(kai)始出現,銅佛像大多形體較小而精致(zhi),便以攜帶供奉于(yu)佛寺(si)和信眾(zhong)家中(zhong)佛龕,或納藏(zang)于(yu)佛塔地宮之中(zhong),從古(gu)流傳至今,有很高的(de)(de)收藏(zang)價值。下面(mian)跟著大興景觀來了(le)解(jie)下福建佛像雕(diao)塑所用(yong)的(de)(de)工具:
工(gong)具(ju)是(shi)雕刻家(jia)從事(shi)創作的最直接(jie)的助手和伴侶。雕塑的基本工(gong)具(ju)有:
雕塑(su)刀
為(wei)(wei)泥塑工(gong)具(ju),用于刮(gua)、削、貼、挑、壓、抹泥塑和(he)造型(xing)(xing) 。又分(fen)為(wei)(wei)3種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong) :第一(yi)種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)為(wei)(wei)金屬(shu)工(gong)具(ju),由鋼( 發(fa)藍(lan)防銹(xiu) )、不銹(xiu)鋼、黃銅等(deng)制(zhi)成,刀(dao)(dao)頭分(fen)斜(xie)三角(jiao)形(xing)(xing)(xing)、柳葉形(xing)(xing)(xing)、卯(mao)葉形(xing)(xing)(xing)和(he)箭鏃(zu)形(xing)(xing)(xing),有(you)(you)的(de)邊緣為(wei)(wei)鋸齒狀。第二種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)為(wei)(wei)非金屬(shu)工(gong)具(ju),由竹、木 、骨 、象牙(ya) 、牛角(jiao)、塑料(liao)等(deng)材料(liao)制(zhi)成。大型(xing)(xing)的(de)刀(dao)(dao)具(ju)形(xing)(xing)(xing)狀有(you)(you)鞋(xie)底(di)形(xing)(xing)(xing)、墨(mo)魚骨形(xing)(xing)(xing)、拇指形(xing)(xing)(xing) 、斜(xie)三角(jiao)形(xing)(xing)(xing)等(deng) ;小(xiao)型(xing)(xing)刀(dao)(dao)具(ju)形(xing)(xing)(xing)狀有(you)(you)菱(ling)角(jiao)形(xing)(xing)(xing) 、小(xiao)腳(jiao)形(xing)(xing)(xing)、球形(xing)(xing)(xing)、條形(xing)(xing)(xing)等(deng)。第三種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)為(wei)(wei)刮(gua)刀(dao)(dao),可切削造型(xing)(xing)和(he)做衣紋(wen),有(you)(you)各(ge)種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)圓弧形(xing)(xing)(xing)和(he)方形(xing)(xing)(xing)雙面刮(gua)刀(dao)(dao)等(deng)。