福建佛像雕塑,雕刻藝術種類的其中(zhong)一(yi)種,也是流傳時(shi)間最長的一(yi)種。最早期的佛(fo)像雕塑多見于(yu)石(shi)雕石(shi)刻,后(hou)來(lai)銅(tong)佛(fo)像雕塑開(kai)始出現,銅(tong)佛(fo)像大多形體較小而精致,便以(yi)攜帶供奉(feng)于(yu)佛(fo)寺(si)和信眾家(jia)中(zhong)佛(fo)龕,或納藏于(yu)佛(fo)塔地宮之中(zhong),從(cong)古流傳至今,有很高的收藏價值。下面(mian)跟著大興景觀來(lai)了解下福建佛(fo)像雕塑所用(yong)的工具:
工具(ju)是雕刻家從事創作的最直接(jie)的助手和(he)伴侶。雕塑的基本(ben)工具(ju)有:
雕(diao)塑(su)刀
為(wei)(wei)泥塑工具(ju),用(yong)于刮(gua)、削、貼、挑、壓、抹泥塑和造型 。又分為(wei)(wei)3種(zhong) :第(di)一種(zhong)為(wei)(wei)金屬(shu)(shu)工具(ju),由鋼( 發(fa)藍防銹 )、不(bu)銹鋼、黃銅(tong)等(deng)制成,刀(dao)(dao)頭分斜三角(jiao)(jiao)形(xing)(xing)(xing)、柳(liu)葉形(xing)(xing)(xing)、卯葉形(xing)(xing)(xing)和箭鏃(zu)形(xing)(xing)(xing),有(you)(you)(you)的邊緣(yuan)為(wei)(wei)鋸齒(chi)狀。第(di)二種(zhong)為(wei)(wei)非(fei)金屬(shu)(shu)工具(ju),由竹、木 、骨 、象(xiang)牙 、牛角(jiao)(jiao)、塑料等(deng)材料制成。大型的刀(dao)(dao)具(ju)形(xing)(xing)(xing)狀有(you)(you)(you)鞋底形(xing)(xing)(xing)、墨魚骨形(xing)(xing)(xing)、拇指形(xing)(xing)(xing) 、斜三角(jiao)(jiao)形(xing)(xing)(xing)等(deng) ;小型刀(dao)(dao)具(ju)形(xing)(xing)(xing)狀有(you)(you)(you)菱(ling)角(jiao)(jiao)形(xing)(xing)(xing) 、小腳形(xing)(xing)(xing)、球形(xing)(xing)(xing)、條形(xing)(xing)(xing)等(deng)。第(di)三種(zhong)為(wei)(wei)刮(gua)刀(dao)(dao),可切削造型和做衣紋,有(you)(you)(you)各種(zhong)圓弧形(xing)(xing)(xing)和方形(xing)(xing)(xing)雙(shuang)面(mian)刮(gua)刀(dao)(dao)等(deng)。