福建佛像雕塑,雕刻藝(yi)術(shu)種類的其中(zhong)一種,也是(shi)流傳(chuan)(chuan)時間最長的一種。最早(zao)期(qi)的佛(fo)像雕塑多見(jian)于石雕石刻,后(hou)來(lai)銅(tong)佛(fo)像雕塑開(kai)始出(chu)現,銅(tong)佛(fo)像大多形體較小而精(jing)致(zhi),便以(yi)攜帶供奉于佛(fo)寺和(he)信(xin)眾家中(zhong)佛(fo)龕,或納藏于佛(fo)塔(ta)地宮之中(zhong),從古流傳(chuan)(chuan)至今,有很高(gao)的收(shou)藏價值。下面(mian)跟著(zhu)大興(xing)景(jing)觀來(lai)了解下福建佛(fo)像雕塑所用的工具:
工具(ju)是雕刻(ke)家從事創(chuang)作的最直接的助(zhu)手和伴侶。雕塑的基本工具(ju)有(you):
雕(diao)塑刀
為泥(ni)塑(su)工(gong)具,用(yong)于刮、削、貼、挑(tiao)、壓(ya)、抹泥(ni)塑(su)和(he)造型 。又(you)分為3種(zhong) :第(di)一(yi)種(zhong)為金屬工(gong)具,由鋼(gang)( 發藍(lan)防(fang)銹 )、不銹鋼(gang)、黃銅等(deng)(deng)制成,刀(dao)(dao)頭分斜(xie)三(san)角形(xing)(xing)(xing)、柳葉(xie)形(xing)(xing)(xing)、卯(mao)葉(xie)形(xing)(xing)(xing)和(he)箭鏃形(xing)(xing)(xing),有(you)的邊緣為鋸(ju)齒(chi)狀。第(di)二種(zhong)為非(fei)金屬工(gong)具,由竹、木 、骨 、象牙 、牛角、塑(su)料等(deng)(deng)材(cai)料制成。大型的刀(dao)(dao)具形(xing)(xing)(xing)狀有(you)鞋底形(xing)(xing)(xing)、墨(mo)魚骨形(xing)(xing)(xing)、拇指(zhi)形(xing)(xing)(xing) 、斜(xie)三(san)角形(xing)(xing)(xing)等(deng)(deng) ;小型刀(dao)(dao)具形(xing)(xing)(xing)狀有(you)菱角形(xing)(xing)(xing) 、小腳形(xing)(xing)(xing)、球(qiu)形(xing)(xing)(xing)、條(tiao)形(xing)(xing)(xing)等(deng)(deng)。第(di)三(san)種(zhong)為刮刀(dao)(dao),可切削造型和(he)做衣紋(wen),有(you)各種(zhong)圓弧形(xing)(xing)(xing)和(he)方形(xing)(xing)(xing)雙面刮刀(dao)(dao)等(deng)(deng)。