福建佛像雕塑,雕(diao)刻藝術種(zhong)(zhong)類的(de)其中一(yi)種(zhong)(zhong),也是流傳時間最(zui)長(chang)的(de)一(yi)種(zhong)(zhong)。最(zui)早期的(de)佛(fo)(fo)(fo)像雕(diao)塑(su)(su)多見于石雕(diao)石刻,后來(lai)(lai)銅(tong)佛(fo)(fo)(fo)像雕(diao)塑(su)(su)開始出現,銅(tong)佛(fo)(fo)(fo)像大多形(xing)體較小而精致(zhi),便以攜帶供奉(feng)于佛(fo)(fo)(fo)寺和信眾(zhong)家中佛(fo)(fo)(fo)龕(kan),或納藏于佛(fo)(fo)(fo)塔地宮之中,從(cong)古流傳至今,有很高的(de)收藏價值(zhi)。下面跟著大興(xing)景觀來(lai)(lai)了解下福建佛(fo)(fo)(fo)像雕(diao)塑(su)(su)所用(yong)的(de)工具:
工具(ju)是雕刻家從事創作的最直接的助手(shou)和(he)伴侶。雕塑的基本工具(ju)有(you):
雕(diao)塑刀
為(wei)泥塑工具(ju)(ju),用于刮(gua)、削(xue)、貼、挑、壓、抹泥塑和(he)造型 。又分(fen)(fen)為(wei)3種(zhong) :第一種(zhong)為(wei)金屬工具(ju)(ju),由鋼( 發藍防(fang)銹 )、不銹鋼、黃銅等(deng)制(zhi)成,刀頭分(fen)(fen)斜三角(jiao)形(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)、柳葉形(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)、卯葉形(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)和(he)箭鏃形(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing),有(you)(you)的(de)邊緣為(wei)鋸齒(chi)狀(zhuang)。第二(er)種(zhong)為(wei)非金屬工具(ju)(ju),由竹、木(mu) 、骨(gu) 、象(xiang)牙 、牛角(jiao)、塑料(liao)(liao)等(deng)材料(liao)(liao)制(zhi)成。大型的(de)刀具(ju)(ju)形(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)狀(zhuang)有(you)(you)鞋底形(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)、墨魚骨(gu)形(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)、拇指形(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing) 、斜三角(jiao)形(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)等(deng) ;小(xiao)型刀具(ju)(ju)形(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)狀(zhuang)有(you)(you)菱角(jiao)形(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing) 、小(xiao)腳形(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)、球形(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)、條形(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)等(deng)。第三種(zhong)為(wei)刮(gua)刀,可切削(xue)造型和(he)做(zuo)衣紋,有(you)(you)各種(zhong)圓弧形(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)和(he)方形(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)雙面刮(gua)刀等(deng)。