福建佛像雕塑,雕(diao)(diao)刻(ke)(ke)藝術(shu)種類的其中(zhong)一種,也(ye)是流傳時(shi)間最(zui)長的一種。最(zui)早期的佛(fo)(fo)像雕(diao)(diao)塑多(duo)見(jian)于(yu)(yu)石雕(diao)(diao)石刻(ke)(ke),后來(lai)(lai)銅(tong)(tong)佛(fo)(fo)像雕(diao)(diao)塑開始出(chu)現,銅(tong)(tong)佛(fo)(fo)像大多(duo)形體較(jiao)小而精致,便(bian)以攜(xie)帶供奉于(yu)(yu)佛(fo)(fo)寺(si)和(he)信眾(zhong)家中(zhong)佛(fo)(fo)龕,或納藏于(yu)(yu)佛(fo)(fo)塔地宮之中(zhong),從古流傳至今,有很高(gao)的收藏價值。下面跟著大興(xing)景(jing)觀來(lai)(lai)了解下福建(jian)佛(fo)(fo)像雕(diao)(diao)塑所用的工具:
工(gong)具(ju)是雕(diao)刻(ke)家從事創作的(de)最(zui)直接的(de)助手(shou)和伴侶。雕(diao)塑的(de)基本工(gong)具(ju)有(you):
雕塑刀
為(wei)泥塑工具,用于(yu)刮、削、貼、挑、壓、抹泥塑和(he)造型 。又分為(wei)3種(zhong)(zhong) :第(di)一(yi)種(zhong)(zhong)為(wei)金屬工具,由(you)鋼( 發藍(lan)防銹(xiu) )、不銹(xiu)鋼、黃銅等制成,刀(dao)頭分斜(xie)三角(jiao)形(xing)(xing)(xing)、柳葉形(xing)(xing)(xing)、卯葉形(xing)(xing)(xing)和(he)箭鏃形(xing)(xing)(xing),有的邊緣(yuan)為(wei)鋸齒狀(zhuang)。第(di)二種(zhong)(zhong)為(wei)非金屬工具,由(you)竹、木 、骨(gu) 、象牙 、牛(niu)角(jiao)、塑料等材料制成。大型的刀(dao)具形(xing)(xing)(xing)狀(zhuang)有鞋底形(xing)(xing)(xing)、墨(mo)魚骨(gu)形(xing)(xing)(xing)、拇指形(xing)(xing)(xing) 、斜(xie)三角(jiao)形(xing)(xing)(xing)等 ;小(xiao)型刀(dao)具形(xing)(xing)(xing)狀(zhuang)有菱角(jiao)形(xing)(xing)(xing) 、小(xiao)腳形(xing)(xing)(xing)、球形(xing)(xing)(xing)、條(tiao)形(xing)(xing)(xing)等。第(di)三種(zhong)(zhong)為(wei)刮刀(dao),可切(qie)削造型和(he)做衣(yi)紋,有各種(zhong)(zhong)圓弧形(xing)(xing)(xing)和(he)方形(xing)(xing)(xing)雙面刮刀(dao)等。