福建佛像雕塑,雕(diao)刻(ke)藝術(shu)種類的(de)其中一(yi)種,也是流傳(chuan)時間最長的(de)一(yi)種。最早期的(de)佛(fo)(fo)像(xiang)(xiang)雕(diao)塑多見于石雕(diao)石刻(ke),后來銅佛(fo)(fo)像(xiang)(xiang)雕(diao)塑開始出現(xian),銅佛(fo)(fo)像(xiang)(xiang)大多形體(ti)較小而精致,便以(yi)攜帶供奉于佛(fo)(fo)寺(si)和(he)信眾家中佛(fo)(fo)龕,或納(na)藏(zang)于佛(fo)(fo)塔地宮之中,從古(gu)流傳(chuan)至今,有很高(gao)的(de)收藏(zang)價(jia)值。下(xia)面跟(gen)著大興(xing)景觀來了解下(xia)福(fu)建佛(fo)(fo)像(xiang)(xiang)雕(diao)塑所用的(de)工(gong)具:
工具是雕(diao)刻(ke)家(jia)從事創(chuang)作的最直接的助手和伴侶。雕(diao)塑的基本(ben)工具有:
雕塑刀
為(wei)泥塑工(gong)具,用于刮、削(xue)、貼、挑、壓、抹(mo)泥塑和(he)造型(xing) 。又分為(wei)3種(zhong) :第一種(zhong)為(wei)金(jin)屬工(gong)具,由(you)鋼( 發藍(lan)防銹 )、不銹鋼、黃銅等制成,刀(dao)頭分斜(xie)三(san)角形(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)、柳葉(xie)形(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)、卯葉(xie)形(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)和(he)箭(jian)鏃形(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing),有(you)的邊緣為(wei)鋸齒狀(zhuang)(zhuang)。第二種(zhong)為(wei)非(fei)金(jin)屬工(gong)具,由(you)竹、木(mu) 、骨(gu) 、象牙 、牛角、塑料(liao)等材料(liao)制成。大(da)型(xing)的刀(dao)具形(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)狀(zhuang)(zhuang)有(you)鞋底形(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)、墨(mo)魚骨(gu)形(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)、拇(mu)指形(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing) 、斜(xie)三(san)角形(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)等 ;小型(xing)刀(dao)具形(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)狀(zhuang)(zhuang)有(you)菱角形(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing) 、小腳形(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)、球(qiu)形(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)、條形(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)等。第三(san)種(zhong)為(wei)刮刀(dao),可切削(xue)造型(xing)和(he)做衣紋,有(you)各(ge)種(zhong)圓弧形(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)和(he)方形(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)雙面刮刀(dao)等。