福建佛像雕塑,雕(diao)(diao)刻(ke)藝術(shu)種(zhong)類(lei)的其中(zhong)一種(zhong),也是流(liu)傳(chuan)時(shi)間(jian)最(zui)長的一種(zhong)。最(zui)早(zao)期的佛(fo)像(xiang)雕(diao)(diao)塑多見于(yu)(yu)石雕(diao)(diao)石刻(ke),后來銅佛(fo)像(xiang)雕(diao)(diao)塑開始出現,銅佛(fo)像(xiang)大多形體較小而精致,便以(yi)攜帶(dai)供奉于(yu)(yu)佛(fo)寺和信眾家中(zhong)佛(fo)龕,或(huo)納藏于(yu)(yu)佛(fo)塔地宮之中(zhong),從古流(liu)傳(chuan)至今,有很高(gao)的收藏價(jia)值(zhi)。下(xia)(xia)面跟著大興景觀來了解(jie)下(xia)(xia)福建佛(fo)像(xiang)雕(diao)(diao)塑所用的工具:
工具是(shi)雕(diao)刻家從事創作的(de)最直接的(de)助手和(he)伴侶。雕(diao)塑的(de)基本工具有:
雕塑刀(dao)
為(wei)泥塑(su)工具(ju)(ju),用(yong)于刮(gua)、削、貼、挑、壓、抹泥塑(su)和造(zao)型(xing)(xing)(xing) 。又分(fen)為(wei)3種(zhong)(zhong) :第一種(zhong)(zhong)為(wei)金(jin)屬工具(ju)(ju),由(you)鋼( 發(fa)藍防銹 )、不銹鋼、黃銅等(deng)制成(cheng),刀(dao)頭分(fen)斜三角形(xing)(xing)(xing)、柳葉形(xing)(xing)(xing)、卯葉形(xing)(xing)(xing)和箭鏃形(xing)(xing)(xing),有(you)(you)的(de)邊緣為(wei)鋸齒狀。第二(er)種(zhong)(zhong)為(wei)非金(jin)屬工具(ju)(ju),由(you)竹、木 、骨(gu) 、象牙 、牛(niu)角、塑(su)料(liao)等(deng)材料(liao)制成(cheng)。大型(xing)(xing)(xing)的(de)刀(dao)具(ju)(ju)形(xing)(xing)(xing)狀有(you)(you)鞋底形(xing)(xing)(xing)、墨魚骨(gu)形(xing)(xing)(xing)、拇指形(xing)(xing)(xing) 、斜三角形(xing)(xing)(xing)等(deng) ;小(xiao)(xiao)型(xing)(xing)(xing)刀(dao)具(ju)(ju)形(xing)(xing)(xing)狀有(you)(you)菱(ling)角形(xing)(xing)(xing) 、小(xiao)(xiao)腳形(xing)(xing)(xing)、球形(xing)(xing)(xing)、條形(xing)(xing)(xing)等(deng)。第三種(zhong)(zhong)為(wei)刮(gua)刀(dao),可切(qie)削造(zao)型(xing)(xing)(xing)和做(zuo)衣紋,有(you)(you)各(ge)種(zhong)(zhong)圓弧形(xing)(xing)(xing)和方(fang)形(xing)(xing)(xing)雙面刮(gua)刀(dao)等(deng)。