福建佛像雕塑,雕(diao)刻(ke)藝術種(zhong)類的(de)其中一種(zhong),也(ye)是流傳時間最(zui)長的(de)一種(zhong)。最(zui)早(zao)期的(de)佛(fo)(fo)像(xiang)雕(diao)塑多見于石(shi)雕(diao)石(shi)刻(ke),后來銅佛(fo)(fo)像(xiang)雕(diao)塑開(kai)始(shi)出現,銅佛(fo)(fo)像(xiang)大多形體較小而精致,便以攜帶供奉(feng)于佛(fo)(fo)寺和(he)信眾家中佛(fo)(fo)龕(kan),或納藏于佛(fo)(fo)塔地宮之中,從(cong)古流傳至(zhi)今,有很高的(de)收(shou)藏價值(zhi)。下面(mian)跟著大興景觀來了解下福建佛(fo)(fo)像(xiang)雕(diao)塑所用(yong)的(de)工具:
工(gong)具(ju)(ju)是(shi)雕(diao)刻家從事創(chuang)作的最直接的助手和伴侶(lv)。雕(diao)塑的基本工(gong)具(ju)(ju)有:
雕(diao)塑(su)刀
為泥塑(su)工(gong)(gong)具(ju)(ju)(ju),用于刮(gua)、削、貼(tie)、挑(tiao)、壓、抹泥塑(su)和造型(xing) 。又分(fen)為3種(zhong) :第一種(zhong)為金(jin)(jin)屬工(gong)(gong)具(ju)(ju)(ju),由(you)鋼( 發藍防銹 )、不銹鋼、黃銅等(deng)(deng)(deng)制(zhi)(zhi)成,刀頭分(fen)斜三(san)角形(xing)(xing)(xing)、柳葉形(xing)(xing)(xing)、卯葉形(xing)(xing)(xing)和箭鏃形(xing)(xing)(xing),有(you)(you)的邊緣為鋸(ju)齒狀(zhuang)。第二種(zhong)為非金(jin)(jin)屬工(gong)(gong)具(ju)(ju)(ju),由(you)竹、木(mu) 、骨 、象牙(ya) 、牛角、塑(su)料等(deng)(deng)(deng)材料制(zhi)(zhi)成。大型(xing)的刀具(ju)(ju)(ju)形(xing)(xing)(xing)狀(zhuang)有(you)(you)鞋底形(xing)(xing)(xing)、墨(mo)魚骨形(xing)(xing)(xing)、拇指形(xing)(xing)(xing) 、斜三(san)角形(xing)(xing)(xing)等(deng)(deng)(deng) ;小(xiao)(xiao)型(xing)刀具(ju)(ju)(ju)形(xing)(xing)(xing)狀(zhuang)有(you)(you)菱角形(xing)(xing)(xing) 、小(xiao)(xiao)腳形(xing)(xing)(xing)、球形(xing)(xing)(xing)、條形(xing)(xing)(xing)等(deng)(deng)(deng)。第三(san)種(zhong)為刮(gua)刀,可切削造型(xing)和做衣紋,有(you)(you)各(ge)種(zhong)圓弧(hu)形(xing)(xing)(xing)和方形(xing)(xing)(xing)雙面刮(gua)刀等(deng)(deng)(deng)。