福建佛像雕塑,雕(diao)(diao)刻藝術種類的(de)其中(zhong)(zhong)一種,也(ye)是流傳時間(jian)最長的(de)一種。最早期的(de)佛(fo)(fo)(fo)像雕(diao)(diao)塑(su)(su)多(duo)見于(yu)石雕(diao)(diao)石刻,后來(lai)(lai)銅(tong)佛(fo)(fo)(fo)像雕(diao)(diao)塑(su)(su)開始出現,銅(tong)佛(fo)(fo)(fo)像大(da)(da)多(duo)形體(ti)較小(xiao)而精致(zhi),便以攜帶供奉于(yu)佛(fo)(fo)(fo)寺和(he)信眾家中(zhong)(zhong)佛(fo)(fo)(fo)龕(kan),或納藏(zang)于(yu)佛(fo)(fo)(fo)塔(ta)地宮之中(zhong)(zhong),從古流傳至(zhi)今,有很高的(de)收(shou)藏(zang)價(jia)值。下面跟著大(da)(da)興景觀來(lai)(lai)了解下福建佛(fo)(fo)(fo)像雕(diao)(diao)塑(su)(su)所用的(de)工具:
工具是(shi)雕刻家從事創作(zuo)的(de)最直接的(de)助手和伴(ban)侶。雕塑的(de)基本工具有:
雕塑刀
為(wei)泥塑工(gong)具(ju),用于刮(gua)、削、貼、挑(tiao)、壓(ya)、抹泥塑和造型(xing)(xing) 。又(you)分(fen)為(wei)3種(zhong) :第一種(zhong)為(wei)金屬工(gong)具(ju),由鋼(gang)( 發藍防(fang)銹(xiu) )、不銹(xiu)鋼(gang)、黃銅(tong)等(deng)(deng)制(zhi)成(cheng),刀頭分(fen)斜三(san)角形(xing)(xing)(xing)、柳葉形(xing)(xing)(xing)、卯葉形(xing)(xing)(xing)和箭鏃形(xing)(xing)(xing),有的邊緣為(wei)鋸(ju)齒狀。第二種(zhong)為(wei)非金屬工(gong)具(ju),由竹、木 、骨(gu) 、象牙 、牛角、塑料等(deng)(deng)材料制(zhi)成(cheng)。大型(xing)(xing)的刀具(ju)形(xing)(xing)(xing)狀有鞋底形(xing)(xing)(xing)、墨魚(yu)骨(gu)形(xing)(xing)(xing)、拇指形(xing)(xing)(xing) 、斜三(san)角形(xing)(xing)(xing)等(deng)(deng) ;小(xiao)型(xing)(xing)刀具(ju)形(xing)(xing)(xing)狀有菱(ling)角形(xing)(xing)(xing) 、小(xiao)腳形(xing)(xing)(xing)、球(qiu)形(xing)(xing)(xing)、條形(xing)(xing)(xing)等(deng)(deng)。第三(san)種(zhong)為(wei)刮(gua)刀,可切削造型(xing)(xing)和做衣紋,有各種(zhong)圓弧形(xing)(xing)(xing)和方形(xing)(xing)(xing)雙面刮(gua)刀等(deng)(deng)。