銅壁畫又叫(jiao)(jiao)銅(tong)浮雕(diao)(又叫(jiao)(jiao)鏨銅(tong)或敲(qiao)銅(tong)),是(shi)利(li)用銅(tong)材料的(de)(de)(de)(de)延展性(xing)興起(qi)來得鏨刻(ke)工(gong)(gong)藝,是(shi)我國傳統手(shou)工(gong)(gong)藝百花中的(de)(de)(de)(de)一枝奇(qi)葩。之中技(ji)術(shu)據今已(yi)有幾(ji)千(qian)年(nian)的(de)(de)(de)(de)歷史。 鍛銅(tong)工(gong)(gong)藝品的(de)(de)(de)(de)造型,主要為平(ping)面的(de)(de)(de)(de)片(pian)活,片(pian)活是(shi)平(ping)裝在某(mou)些器(qi)物上或懸掛(gua)起(qi)來供人欣賞(shang)。鏨刻(ke)工(gong)(gong)藝的(de)(de)(de)(de)操(cao)作,是(shi)在設計好器(qi)行或圖案后,按照一定的(de)(de)(de)(de)工(gong)(gong)藝流(liu)程,以特制(zhi)的(de)(de)(de)(de)工(gong)(gong)具和特定的(de)(de)(de)(de)技(ji)法,在金屬板上加工(gong)(gong)出(chu)千(qian)變萬化(hua)的(de)(de)(de)(de)浮雕(diao)狀圖案。完成一件精美的(de)(de)(de)(de)鏨刻(ke)工(gong)(gong)藝品需要十(shi)多道(dao)工(gong)(gong)藝流(liu)程,加上技(ji)術(shu)工(gong)(gong)人的(de)(de)(de)(de)格(ge)調創造,匠(jiang)心獨(du)運地打造出(chu)個性(xing)化(hua),現代化(hua)的(de)(de)(de)(de)雕(diao)塑作品。
鍛(duan)銅(tong)是(shi)一種區(qu)別于鑄銅(tong)的(de)工(gong)藝(yi),是(shi)在(zai)銅(tong)板上(shang)進行創作(zuo)(zuo),利用銅(tong)板加熱后質地變軟(ruan),錘打后又恢復堅(jian)硬(ying)的(de)特性(xing),重復這一過程,最(zui)終(zhong)制作(zuo)(zuo)出藝(yi)術作(zuo)(zuo)品或其(qi)它生(sheng)(sheng)活、工(gong)業用品。隨著人(ren)民生(sheng)(sheng)活水平和審(shen)美情趣(qu)的(de)提升,鍛(duan)銅(tong)這一傳(chuan)統工(gong)藝(yi)尤(you)其(qi)在(zai)工(gong)藝(yi)美術領域受到越(yue)來越(yue)多設計師和大眾的(de)喜愛。
火、錘子(zi)和(he)鏨子(zi)是鍛銅(tong)的三個重(zhong)要(yao)(yao)元素。小型鍛銅(tong)工藝作品(pin)或大(da)型浮(fu)雕局(ju)部加(jia)(jia)工可以采取氧氣(qi)加(jia)(jia)乙炔產生(sheng)的高溫加(jia)(jia)熱(re),大(da)型作品(pin)就(jiu)需要(yao)(yao)生(sheng)爐(lu)火鼓風(feng)加(jia)(jia)熱(re)。加(jia)(jia)熱(re)這一環節相對容易。加(jia)(jia)熱(re)后的銅(tong)板要(yao)(yao)用(yong)皮錘敲打(da)平整。