福建佛像雕塑,雕(diao)刻(ke)藝(yi)術種(zhong)類(lei)的(de)其(qi)中(zhong)一(yi)(yi)種(zhong),也是流傳(chuan)時間最長的(de)一(yi)(yi)種(zhong)。最早期的(de)佛像(xiang)雕(diao)塑多見(jian)于石(shi)雕(diao)石(shi)刻(ke),后來銅佛像(xiang)雕(diao)塑開始出現(xian),銅佛像(xiang)大(da)多形體較(jiao)小而精致,便以攜帶供奉(feng)于佛寺和信眾(zhong)家中(zhong)佛龕(kan),或納(na)藏于佛塔地宮之中(zhong),從古流傳(chuan)至(zhi)今,有很(hen)高的(de)收(shou)藏價(jia)值。下面跟著大(da)興景觀來了解下福建佛像(xiang)雕(diao)塑所用的(de)工具:
工具是雕刻家從事創作的最(zui)直接的助手和(he)伴侶(lv)。雕塑的基(ji)本(ben)工具有:
雕(diao)塑(su)刀
為泥塑工(gong)(gong)具,用于刮、削、貼、挑、壓、抹泥塑和造型 。又分為3種(zhong) :第一種(zhong)為金(jin)屬(shu)工(gong)(gong)具,由(you)鋼(gang)( 發藍防銹 )、不銹鋼(gang)、黃銅等制(zhi)成,刀(dao)頭分斜(xie)三角(jiao)形(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)、柳葉(xie)形(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)、卯葉(xie)形(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)和箭鏃(zu)形(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing),有的(de)邊緣為鋸(ju)齒狀(zhuang)。第二(er)種(zhong)為非(fei)金(jin)屬(shu)工(gong)(gong)具,由(you)竹、木 、骨 、象牙 、牛角(jiao)、塑料等材料制(zhi)成。大型的(de)刀(dao)具形(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)狀(zhuang)有鞋底形(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)、墨魚骨形(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)、拇指(zhi)形(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing) 、斜(xie)三角(jiao)形(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)等 ;小型刀(dao)具形(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)狀(zhuang)有菱角(jiao)形(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing) 、小腳形(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)、球形(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)、條形(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)等。第三種(zhong)為刮刀(dao),可切削造型和做衣紋,有各種(zhong)圓弧形(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)和方形(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)雙面刮刀(dao)等。