福建佛像雕塑,雕(diao)刻藝術種(zhong)類的(de)(de)其(qi)中(zhong)(zhong)一種(zhong),也是(shi)流傳時間最長(chang)的(de)(de)一種(zhong)。最早(zao)期(qi)的(de)(de)佛像(xiang)雕(diao)塑(su)多見于(yu)(yu)石雕(diao)石刻,后來(lai)銅(tong)佛像(xiang)雕(diao)塑(su)開始出現,銅(tong)佛像(xiang)大多形體較小而精(jing)致,便以攜(xie)帶供奉于(yu)(yu)佛寺和信眾家中(zhong)(zhong)佛龕(kan),或納藏(zang)于(yu)(yu)佛塔(ta)地宮之(zhi)中(zhong)(zhong),從(cong)古流傳至今,有(you)很高的(de)(de)收藏(zang)價值。下(xia)面跟著大興景觀(guan)來(lai)了解下(xia)福建佛像(xiang)雕(diao)塑(su)所用(yong)的(de)(de)工具:
工具是雕刻(ke)家(jia)從事創作的(de)最(zui)直接(jie)的(de)助手和伴侶。雕塑(su)的(de)基本(ben)工具有(you):
雕塑(su)刀
為泥(ni)塑(su)工具(ju),用于刮、削、貼(tie)、挑、壓、抹泥(ni)塑(su)和(he)造型 。又分為3種(zhong) :第(di)一種(zhong)為金(jin)屬(shu)工具(ju),由鋼( 發藍防銹(xiu) )、不銹(xiu)鋼、黃銅等制(zhi)成,刀(dao)頭分斜三(san)角(jiao)形(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)、柳葉(xie)(xie)形(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)、卯(mao)葉(xie)(xie)形(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)和(he)箭鏃形(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing),有(you)(you)的邊緣為鋸齒狀。第(di)二種(zhong)為非金(jin)屬(shu)工具(ju),由竹(zhu)、木 、骨 、象牙 、牛角(jiao)、塑(su)料等材料制(zhi)成。大型的刀(dao)具(ju)形(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)狀有(you)(you)鞋底形(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)、墨(mo)魚骨形(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)、拇指形(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing) 、斜三(san)角(jiao)形(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)等 ;小(xiao)型刀(dao)具(ju)形(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)狀有(you)(you)菱(ling)角(jiao)形(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing) 、小(xiao)腳形(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)、球形(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)、條形(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)等。第(di)三(san)種(zhong)為刮刀(dao),可切削造型和(he)做衣紋,有(you)(you)各種(zhong)圓弧形(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)和(he)方形(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)雙面刮刀(dao)等。